Table 6. Height gain velocity (mm/week) and HAZ change (SD) from admission to discharge of children with SAM randomised to reduced or standard RUTF dose and difference (95% CI) in unadjusted model.

Outcome	Reduced RUTF		Standard RUTF		Difference (95% CI)	p-value
	n	mean ± SD	n	mean ± SD
Height gain velocity (mm/week)
ITT	398	2.6 ± 1.3	390	2.8 ± 1.3	−0.2 (−0.4 to −0.04)	0.015
PP1	201	2.5 ± 1.3	224	2.9 ± 1.4	−0.3 (−0.6 to −0.1)	0.009
Subgroup analysis by
Admission age	398		390			0.019*
<12 months	244	2.8 ± 1.2	235	3.1 ± 1.1	−0.4 (−0.6 to −0.2)	<0.001
≥12 months	154	2.3 ± 1.3	155	2.2 ± 1.2	0.03 (−0.2 to 0.3)	0.85
HAZ change (SD)
ITT	398	0.05 ± 0.35	390	0.09 ± 0.32	−0.04 (−0.09 to 0.002)	0.063
PP1	201	0.06 ± 0.31	224	0.10 ± 0.27	−0.04 (−0.10 to 0.01)	0.12
Subgroup analysis by
Admission age	398		390			0.016*
<12 months	244	0.00 ± 0.39	235	0.09 ± 0.35	−0.09 (−0.15 to −0.03)	0.003
≥12 months	154	0.13 ± 0.25	155	0.10 ± 0.25	0.03 (−0.05 to 0.10)	0.47

Data are shown as mean ± SD and mean difference (95% CI) using linear mixed models, with study site and research team as random effects.

*p for interaction. Interactions were tested in ITT for sex, age, MUAC category, WHZ category, and stunting status at admission, and only significant terms (p < 0.05) and subsequent subgroups analysis are reported.

¹PP (per protocol) includes children that had no missed visits, that consumed >50% of the daily dose throughout treatment, that were not falsely discharged, and that received the correct RUTF dose throughout treatment.

Abbreviations: HAZ, height-for-age z-score; ITT, intention to treat; MUAC, mid-upper arm circumference; PP, per protocol; RUTF, ready-to-use therapeutic food; SD, standard deviation; WHZ, weight-for-height z-score.