Table 2. Demographic comparison among different treatment regimens.
| Indicator | SSG N = 168 |
MF N = 150 |
PMIM N = 105 |
MDAMB N = 113 |
SDAMB N = 126 |
PMIM+MF N = 105 |
AMB+PMIM N = 112 |
AMB+MF N = 105 |
Total N = 984 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age in years, Mean (95% CI) | 28.3 (26.2, 30.3)a | 25.9 (23.1, 28.6)b | 22.5 (20.3, 24.8)a | 24.7 (21.9, 27.5) | 19.4 (17.2, 21.6)a,b,e | 21.7 (19.0, 24.3)a | 23.4 (20.7, 26.1) | 26.4 (23.5, 29.4)e | 24.3 (23.4, 25.2) |
| Age group, % (95% CI) (n) | |||||||||
| <18 years | 28.6 (22.2, 35.9) (48)a | 46.7 (38.8, 54.8) (70)a,b | 45.7 (36.3, 55.4) (48)a,b,c | 45.1 (36.1, 54.5) (51)a | 57.9 (49.0, 66.4) (73)a,b,e | 52.4 (42.7, 61.9) (55)a | 45.5 (36.4, 55.0) (51)a | 41.9 (32.7, 51.7) (44)c,e | 44.7 (41.6, 47.8) (440) |
| (18–45) years | 54.8 (47.1, 62.2) (92) | 39.3 (31.8, 47.5) (59) | 50.5 (40.9, 60.1) (53) | 43.4 (34.4, 52.8) (49) | 36.5 (28.5, 45.4) (46) | 39.1 (30.1, 48.8) (41) | 43.8 (34.7, 53.2) (49) | 43.8 (34.5, 53.6) (46) | 44.2 (41.1, 47.3) (435) |
| >45 years | 16.7 (11.7, 23.2) (28) | 14.0 (9.3, 20.6) (21) | 3.8 (1.4, 9.9) (4) | 11.5 (6.7, 19.0) (13) | 5.6 (2.6, 11.3) (7) | 8.6 (4.5, 15.8) (9) | 10.7 (6.1, 18.1) (12) | 14.3 (8.7, 22.5) (15) | 11.1 (9.3, 13.2) (109) |
| Sex, % (95% CI) (n) | |||||||||
| Male | 54.8 (47.1, 62.2) (92)a | 57.3 (49.2, 65.1) (86) | 61.0 (51.2, 69.9) (64) | 58.4 (49.0, 67.3) (66) | 61.9 (53.0, 70.1) (78) | 65.7 (56.0, 74.3) (69) | 56.3 (46.8, 65.3) (63) | 68.6 (58.9, 76.8) (72)a | 60.0 (56.9, 63.0) (590) |
| Female | 45.2 (37.8, 52.9) (76) | 42.7 (34.9, 50.8) (64) | 39.1 (30.1, 48.8) (41) | 42.0 (32.8, 51.0) (47) | 38.1 (29.9, 47.0) (48) | 34.3 (25.7, 44.0) (36) | 43.8 (34.7, 53.2) (49) | 31.4 (23.2, 41.1) (33) | 40.0 (37.0, 43.1) (394) |
| Education, % (95% CI) (n) | |||||||||
| Illiterate | 47.0 (39.5, 54.7) (79) | 50.7 (42.6, 58.7) (76)b | 39.1 (30.1, 48.8) (41) | 38.9 (30.3, 48.4) (44)b | 39.7 (31.4, 48.6) (50)b | 34.3 (25.7, 44.0) (36)b,f | 39.3 (30.6, 48.8) (44)b,f | 44.8 (35.4, 54.5) (47) | 42.4 (39.3, 45.5) (417) |
| Primary level | 35.7 (28.8, 43.3) (60) | 36.7 (29.3, 44.8) (55) | 38.1 (29.2, 47.9) (40) | 35.4 (27.0, 44.8) (40) | 37.3 (29.2, 46.2) (47) | 47.6 (38.1, 57.3) (50) | 32.1 (24.1, 41.5) (36) | 36.2 (27.5, 46.0) (38) | 37.2 (34.2, 40.3) (366) |
| High school and above |
17.3 (12.2, 23.8) (29) | 12.7 (8.2, 19.1) (19) | 22.9 (15.7, 32.0) (24) | 25.7 (18.4, 34.6) (29) | 23.0 (16.4, 31.3) (29) | 18.1 (11.8, 26.8) (19) | 28.6 (20.9, 37.8) (32) | 19.1 (12.5, 27.9) (20) | 20.4 (18.0, 23.1) (201) |
|
Monthly expenditure (BDT), Mean (95% CI) |
7934.5 (7309.4, 8559.6)a |
7850.0 (7220.1, 8479.9)b |
8742.9 (7981.3, 9504.4)c | 8199.1 (7647.3, 8751.0) |
7627.0 (7009.4, 8244.5)c,e | 9071.4 (8279.2, 9863.6)a,b,e | 8732.1 (7871.7, 9592.6)e | 8295.2 (7692.8, 8897.7) |
8249.5 (8009.1, 8489.9) |
|
Family members in the HH, Mean (95% CI) |
5.2 (5.0, 5.5) |
5.6 (5.3, 5.9) | 5.5 (5.1, 5.8) | 5.3 (4.9, 5.6) | 5.3 (5.0, 5.7) | 5.5 (5.1, 5.9) | 5.6 (5.2, 6.0) | 5.4 (5.0, 5.8) | 5.4 (5.3, 5.5) |
|
Family member affected by VL in the past, % (95% CI) (n) |
37.5 (30.4, 45.1) (63) | 28.0 (21.3, 35.8) (42)b | 26.7 (19.0, 36.1) (28)c | 38.1 (29.5, 47.5) (43) | 34.9 (27.0, 43.8) (44) | 41.0 (31.8, 50.7) (43)b,c | 31.3 (23.3, 40.6) (35) | 36.2 (27.5, 46.0) (38) | 34.2 (31.2, 37.2) (336) |
| House type, % (95% CI) (n) | |||||||||
| Kuccha mud / thatched) | 27.4 (21.1, 34.7) (46)a | 17.3 (12.0, 24.3) (26)a,b | 41.9 (32.7, 51.7) (44)a,b | 34.5 (26.2, 43.9) (39)b | 30.2 (22.7, 38.8) (38)b,e | 39.1 (30.1, 48.8) (41)a,b.e | 34.8 (26.5, 44.2) (39)a,b,e,g | 34.3 (25.7, 44.0) (36)b,g | 31.4 (28.6, 34.4) (309) |
| Pucca (cemented) | 10.1 (6.4, 15.7) (17) | 5.3 (2.7, 10.4) (8) | 11.4 (6.5, 19.2) (12) | 15.9 (10.2, 24.0) (18) | 8.7 (4.9, 15.2) (11) | 17.1 (11.0, 25.7) (18) | 21.4 (14.7, 30.1) (24) | 8.6 (4.5, 15.8) (9) | 11.89 (10.0, 14.1) (117) |
| Tin house | 62.5 (54.9, 69.6) (105) | 77.3 (69.9, 83.4) (116) | 46.7 (37.2, 56.4) (49) | 49.6 (40.3, 58.8) (56) | 61.1 (52.2, 69.3) (77) | 43.8 (34.5, 53.6) (46) | 43.8 (34.7, 53.2) (49) | 57.1 (47.4, 66.4) (60) |
56.7 (53.6, 59.8) (558) |
|
Having cattle shed, % (95% CI) (n) |
54.2 (46.5, 61.6) (91)a | 49.3 (41.3, 57.4) (74)b | 67.6 (58.0, 76.0) (71)a,b | 58.4 (49.0, 67.3) (66) | 56.4 (47.5, 64.9) (71) | 59.1 (49.3, 68.2) (62) | 58.9 (49.5, 67.8) (66) | 65.7 (56.0, 74.3) (69)b |
57.9 (54.8, 61.0) (570) |
|
No. of bednets in the HH, Mean (95% CI) |
2.1 (1.9, 2.2)a | 2.5 (2.3, 2.7)a,b | 2.2 (2.0, 2.4) | 2.2 (2.0, 2.4) | 2.4 (2.2, 2.5)a | 2.1 (1.9, 2.4)b | 2.1 (1.9, 2.4)b | 2.3 (2.1, 2.5) |
2.2 (2.2, 2.3) |
|
Use of bednet, % (95%CI) (n) |
|||||||||
| Frequently | 63.1 (55.5, 70.1) (106)a | 86.7 (80.2, 91.3) (130)a,b | 67.6 (58.0, 76.0) (71)b,c | 73.5 (64.4, 80.9) (83)a,b,c,d | 80.2 (72.2, 86.3) (101)a,d,e | 64.8 (55.0, 73.4) (68)b, e | 66.1 (56.7, 74.3) (74)b, e | 62.9 (53.1, 71.7) (66)a,b,e | 71.0 (68.1, 73.8) (699) |
| Sometimes | 31.0 (24.4, 38.4) (52) | 10.7 (6.6, 16.8) (16) | 29.5 (21.5, 39.1) (31) | 18.6 (12.4, 27.0) (21) | 19.1 (13.0, 27.0) (24) | 27.6 (19.8, 37.1) (29) | 28.6 (20.9, 37.8) (32) | 31.4 (23.2, 41.1) (33) | 24.2 (21.6, 27.0) (238) |
| Not at all | 0.6 (0.1, 4.2) (1) | 0.0 (0) | 0.0 (0) | 4.4 (1.8, 10.3) (5) | 0.0 (0) | 1.0 (0.1, 6.7) (1) | 1.8 (0.4, 7.0) (2) | 4.8 (2.0, 11.1) (5) | 1.4 (0.8, 2.4) (14) |
| N/A | 5.4 (2.8, 10.0) (9) | 2.7 (1.0, 7.0) (4) | 2.9 (0.9, 8.6) (3) | 3.5 (1.3, 9.2) (4) | 0.8 (0.1, 5.6) (1) | 6.7 (3.2, 13.5) (7) | 3.6 (1.3, 9.3) (4) | 1.0 (0.1, 6.7) (1) | 3.4 (2.4, 4.7) (33) |
AMB = AmBisome. BDT = Bangladeshi Taka. HH = household. MDAMB = multidose liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome). MF = miltefosine. N/A = not applicable. No. = number. PMIM = paromomycin intramascular injection. SDAMB = single-dose liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome). SSG = sodium stibogluconate. VL = visceral leishmaniasis.
a indicates SSG versus others with p<0.05.
b indicates MF versus others with p<0.05.
c indicates PMIM versus others with p<0.05.
d indicates MDAMB versus others with p<0.05.
e indicates SDAMB versus others with p<0.05.
f indicates PMIM+MF versus others with p<0.05.
g indicates AMB+PMIM versus others with p<0.05.