Table 3. Incidence of PKDL by treatment regimens.
| Treatment regimen | No. of participants |
PKDL cases | Total survival time (in days) | Mean (95%CI) survival time (in days) | Incidence rate in 100-person-years for 4 years (95% CI) |
Incidence proportion for 4 years % (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SSG | 168 | 5 | 242 072 | 1440.9 (1423.0, 1458.8) | 3.0 (1.3, 7.3)a | 3.0 (1.2, 7.0)a |
| MDAMB | 113 | 9 | 160 709 | 1422.2 (1394.9, 1449.5) | 8.2 (4.3, 15.7)b | 8.0 (4.2, 14.7)b |
| MF | 150 | 14 | 210 810 | 1405.4 (1374.4, 1436.4) | 9.7 (5.7, 16.4)a,c | 9.3 (5.6, 15.2)a,c |
| AMB+PMIM | 112 | 12 | 155 391 | 1387.4 (1348.3, 1426.6) | 11.3 (6.4, 19.9)a,d | 10.7 (6.1, 18.1)a,d |
| SDAMB | 126 | 20 | 172 688 | 1370.5 (1328.7, 1412.4) | 16.9 (10.9, 26.2)a | 15.9 (10.4, 23.5)a |
| AMB+MF | 105 | 17 | 145 321 | 1384.0 (1345.6, 1422.5) | 17.1 (10.6, 27.5)a | 16.2 (10.2, 24.7)a |
| PMIM | 105 | 20 | 144 984 | 1380.8 (1338.1, 1423.5) | 20.1 (13.0, 31.2)a,b,c | 19.1 (12.5, 27.9)a,b,c |
| PMIM+MF | 105 | 24 | 138 653 | 1320.5 (1264.6, 1376.5) | 25.3 (16.9, 37.7)a,b,c, d | 22.9 (15.7, 32.0)a,b,c, d |
| Total | 984 | 121 | 1 370 628 | 1392.9 (1380.1, 1405.7) | 14.0 (8.6, 22.7) | 12.3 (10.4, 14.5) |
AMB = AmBisome. MDAMB = multidose liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome). MF = miltefosine. No. = number. PKDL = post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis. PMIM = paromomycin intramascular injection. SDAMB = single-dose liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome). SSG = sodium stibogluconate.
a indicates SSG versus others with p<0.05.
b indicates MDAMB versus others with p<0.05.
c indicates MF versus others with p<0.05.
d indicates AMB+PMIM versus others with p<0.05.