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(a) Schematic of atrioventriclular (av) model. B is the Bernoulli valve resistance, R is the source resistance, L is the blood inertance and E is the elastance of the wall. The subscripts A and V refer to atrial and ventricular, respectively, and ppc is the pericardiac pressure. (b) Freewall elastance Efw for LA (blue) and LV (black). The figure includes four pulses. The duration of the pulse, the maximum elastance Emax and timing parameters τ1 and τ2 vary between pulses.
