Fig. 5.

Effects of 4-PBA on apoptosis in HUVECs. a Western blot analysis of p-PERK (Thr980), p-EIF2S1 (Ser51), CHOP, ATF6, and GRP78, along with Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase 3 in HUVECs under 48 h clinorotation transfected with siRNA-ATG5 or siRNA-NC, alone or in combination with 4-PBA (5 mM). b Annexin V-FITC/PI staining for the apoptosis rates in HUVECs analyzed by flow cytometry under 48 h clinorotation transfected with siRNA-ATG5 or siRNA-NC alone or in combination with 4-PBA (5 mM). The data are expressed as the mean ± SD of three replicates each. *p < 0.05 vs. the control