Table 1.
The table reveals the prevalence of thrombo‐embolism, LVT, and cardio‐embolic events in patients with TS
| Authors | No of patients with TS | No of patients with thrombo‐embolism (both LVT and cardio‐embolism) (%) | No of patients with LVT (%) | No of patients with cardio‐embolism | Localization of the cardiac embolus | Others |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Haghi et al13 | 52 | 4 (8%) | 4 (8%) | 0 (0%) | — | One patient had thrombosis of the abdominal aorta, renal infarction, and iliac artery occlusion before the onset of TS |
| Mitsuma et al14 | 21 | 3 (14%) | 1 (4.8%) | 2 (9.5%) | Stroke in 2 patients | — |
| Sharkey et al15 | 136 | 5 (3.7%) | 5 (3.7%) | 2 (1.5%) | Cerebral in 1 patient, and both cerebral and pulmonary in 1 patient | LVT in 4 patients and both LVT and RV thrombus in 1 patient. |
| Kurisu et al11 | 95 | 5 (5.3%) | 5 (5.3%) | 1 (1.1%) | Cerebral infarction in 1 patient | Mural thrombus and immobile in 2 patients, and protruding and mobile in 3 patients |
| Templin et al5 | 1750 | NA | (1.3%) | NA | NA | — |
| Y‐Hassan6 | 80 (pheochromocytoma‐triggered TS) | 7 (8.75%) | NA | NA | NA | 6 of 7 patients with thrombo‐embolism had mid‐apical pattern of TS |
| Santoro et al16 | 541 | 12 (2.2%) | 12 (2.2%) | 2 (0.4%) | Stroke in 2 patients | Mural thrombus in 5 patients and protruding in 7 patients. All patients with LVT had apical TS |
| De Gregorio et al12 review of single casesa | Review of 14 studies (13 single case studies and 2 cases), total 15 patients with TS and thrombo‐embolism | 15 | 14 | 5 | Stroke i 3 patients, renal infarction in 1, and popliteal artery in 1 | All patients with LVT and apical or mid‐apical pattern of TS |
| Haghi et al13 review of single casesa | Review of 14 literature cases with TS and LVT | 14 | 14 | 3 | Stroke in 1, TIA in 1 and renal infarction in 1 | — |
Abbreviations: LVT, left ventricular thrombus; No, number; RV, right ventricle; TIA, transient ischemic attack; TS, takotsubo syndrome.
The localization of LVT and the site cardiac emboli if available are also seen.
a
Authors reviewed only patients with TS complicated by thrombo‐embolism and not all TS patients.