Table 2.
Results from experiment 2
| Means (SD) |
Omnibus ANOVA |
Post Hoc |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | DNI | ACT-Na | ACT-R | df | F | P | ηp2 | DNI | ACT-Na | ACT-R |
| Peak Extension, ° | 36.8 (2.9) | 27.9 (3.1) | 26.5 (3.1) | 2, 18 | 50.96 | <0.001 | 0.85 | |||
| DNI | — | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||||||
| ACT-Na | — | 0.18 | ||||||||
| ACT-R | — | |||||||||
| Peak Extension Latency, ms | 137.0 (8.9) | 117.5 (4.2) | 117.0 (4.4) | 2, 18 | 31.23 | <0.001 | 0.78 | |||
| DNI | — | 0.001 | 0.001 | |||||||
| ACT-Na | — | >0.99 | ||||||||
| ACT-R | — | |||||||||
| Peak Flexion, ° | −21.7 (3.8) | −26.4 (1.7) | −27.5 (1.7) | 2, 18 | 13.34 | 0.002 | 0.60 | |||
| DNI | — | 0.033 | 0.005 | |||||||
| ACT-Na | — | 0.32 | ||||||||
| ACT-R | — | |||||||||
| Peak Flexion Latency, ms | 377.9 (35.2) | 245.1 (16.1) | 251.0 (17.9) | 2, 18 | 85.85 | <0.001 | 0.91 | |||
| DNI | — | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||||||
| ACT-Na | — | 0.105 | ||||||||
| ACT-R | — | |||||||||
| M1 onset, ms | 29.7 (2.0) | 30.3 (1.6) | 30.0 (2.1) | 2, 18 | 1.40 | 0.27 | 0.14 | |||
| DNI | — | — | — | |||||||
| ACT-Na | — | — | ||||||||
| ACT-R | — | |||||||||
| M2 onset, ms | 50.4 (3.9) | 50.9 (4.3) | 50.6 (3.8) | 2, 18 | 0.32 | 0.71 | 0.03 | |||
| DNI | — | — | — | |||||||
| ACT-Na | — | — | ||||||||
| ACT-R | — | |||||||||
| M2 offset, ms | 93.7 (5.9) | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||
| DNI | — | — | — | |||||||
| ACT-Na | — | — | ||||||||
| ACT-R | — | |||||||||
| Baseline EMG activity, NU·ms | 2.8 (1.2) | 2.6 (1.1) | 2.6 (0.9) | 2, 18 | 1.48 | 0.26 | 0.14 | |||
| DNI | — | — | — | |||||||
| ACT-Na | — | — | ||||||||
| ACT-R | — | |||||||||
| M1 activity, NU·ms | 7.8 (2.6) | 7.8 (2.2) | 7.8 (2.1) | 2, 18 | <0.01 | 0.98 | <0.01 | |||
| DNI | — | — | — | |||||||
| ACT-Na | — | — | ||||||||
| ACT-R | — | |||||||||
| M2a activity, NU·ms | 15.5 (2.5) | 19.2 (4.6) | 19.4 (3.1) | 2, 18 | 7.76 | 0.004 | 0.46 | |||
| DNI | — | 0.063 | 0.014 | |||||||
| ACT-Na | — | >0.99 | ||||||||
| ACT-R | — | |||||||||
| M2b activity, NU·ms | 7.2 (1.9) | 15.9 (6.2) | 14.4 (4.7) | 2, 18 | 15.51 | 0.001 | 0.63 | |||
| DNI | — | 0.010 | 0.003 | |||||||
| ACT-Na | — | 0.71 | ||||||||
| ACT-R | — | |||||||||
| VOL activity, NU·ms | 7.5 (4.2) | 80.2 (37.9) | 78.5 (44.8) | t(9) | 0.34 | 0.74 | — | |||
| DNI | — | — | — | |||||||
| ACT-Na | — | — | ||||||||
| ACT-R | — | |||||||||
Means (SD) and statistical results from experiment 2; ACT-R, reversal movement. Following a significant omnibus test, post hoc testing was conducted using the Dunn-Bonferroni corrected t-test.