Table 1.

The general information of the participants of PHC providers in the seven countries (n = 606)

Variables	China	Malaysia	Thailand	Vietnam	Indonesia	Myanmar	Cambodia	Total
Sample size	110	85	100	81	80	80	70	606
Age	36.5 ± 9.5	36.4 ± 11.5	40.5 ± 9.4	37.5 ± 8.7	36.9 ± 7.5	37.9 ± 11.1	30.4 ± 5.4	36.9 ± 9.4
Gender
Male	18	7	19	14	15	12	61	146 (24.1%)
Female	91	78	81	67	66	68	9	460 (75.9%)
Original education level
Diploma	52	22	35	71	32	10	57	279 (46.0%)
Bachelor	38	56	65	10	40	43	11	263 (43.4%)
Master	4	2	0	0	1	0	0	7 (1.2%)
Doctor	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0 (0.0%)
Others	16	7	0	0	7	25	2	57 (9.4%)
Current highest education level
Diploma	30	14	11	48	30	6	6	145 (23.9%)
Bachelor	73	67	76	31	41	47	65	400 (66.0%)
Master	4	5	15	0	2	2	0	28 (4.6%)
Doctor	0	0	1	0	0	1	1	3 (0.5%)
Others	3	1	0	0	9	17	0	30 (5.0%)
Job category
Medicine	48	2	2	2	11	10	1	76 (12.5%)
Pharmacy	5	0	2	3	3	0	0	13 (2.2%)
Nursing	52	76	63	35	32	13	69	340 (56.1%)
Public health	4	7	10	5	3	32	0	61 (10.1%)
Others	1	0	24	35	31	25	0	116 (19.1%)
Job titlea
Junior	40	42	95	2	23	50	12	264 (43.6%)
Medium	47	11	9	44	34	29	54	228 (37.6%)
Senior	14	30	1	25	15	0	1	86 (14.2%)
Others	7	2	0	6	8	2	3	28 (4.6%)
Years of working experience	15.3 ± 9.8	13.9 ± 10.0	17.6 ± 9.4	13.3 ± 8.0	13.2 ± 7.8	12.0 ± 9.0	10.2 ± 5.4	14.0 ± 8.9
Years of clinical experience	15.0 ± 9.8	12.0 ± 9.1	12.4 ± 10.2	12.1 ± 8.0	12.5 ± 8.1	11.3 ± 8.8	9.7 ± 5.2	12.4 ± 8.9
Working years at current department	8.4 ± 8.0	5.1 ± 5.4	11.7 ± 7.5	12.7 ± 7.9	9.5 ± 8.5	7.0 ± 7.8	8.4 ± 4.7	9.6 ± 7.7

Abbreviation: PHC Primary Health Care

^aExamples for different job titles:

Junior: e.g. medical assistant;

Medium: e.g. attending physician;

Senior: e.g., associate chief physician, chief physician