a	Specific interfacial area	[m–1]
c*	Maximum solubility in water at equilibrium	[mol L–1]
cDO	Temperature corrected actual oxygen concentration	[mol L–1]
cL*	Maximum solubility of oxygen in the broth under prevailing gas-phase composition, temperature, and pressure	[mol L–1]
cM*	Maximum oxygen solubility in media	[mol L–1]
cO2	Actual oxygen concentration in the broth	[mol L–1]
D	Tank diameter	m
di	Impeller diameter	m
DO	Dissolved oxygen	[%]
Gin/out	Gas flow rate at real conditions in/out of bioreactor	[mL min–1]
H	Tank height	m
kL	Mass transfer coefficient	[m s–1]
kLa	Volumetric oxygen mass transfer coefficient	[s–1]
MAPE	Mean absolute percentage error	[%]
N	stirrer speed	[s–1 or rpm]
OTR	Oxygen transfer rate	[mol L–1 d–1]
OUR	Oxygen uptake rate	[mol L–1 d–1]
pO2	Partial pressure of oxygen	[Pa]
Q	Gas flow rate	[m3 s–1]
qO2	Specific oxygen uptake rate	[mol cell–1 day–1]
R	Gas constant	[J mol–1 K–1]
T	Temperature	[°C];[K]
TCC	Total cell concentration	[cells mL–1]
τP	Response time	[s]
vs	Superficial gas velocity	[m s–1]
VCC	Viable cell concentration	[cells mL–1]
VL	Volume of the liquid in vessel	[m3]
xtarget	target value
xi	value of sample
n	number of samples
X	Biomass concentration	[g L–1]
yCO2	Molar fraction of CO2	[%]