Table 3.
Categories, sub-categories and examples from the Lancet series
| Category | Sub-categories | Examples | Malaria | NCDs | Maternal & child care | HIV/ AIDS | TB |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DIAGNOSIS | Understanding disease and solution (intervention effectiveness) |
Malaria: Resistance to drugs M&CH: Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of nutritional interventions |
L | L | H | H | |
| Population's health status: burden of disease/ risk factors |
NCDs: Estimate NCD burden of disease and risk factors HIV/ AIDS: Need and context of specific populations |
H | L | L | H | ||
| Context/ environment: External factors |
Malaria: Consider situation of neighbors M&CH: Infectious diseases, helminths, environmental enteropathy |
L | H | ||||
| Context/ environment: Internal factors |
NCDs: Develop a national plan HIV/ AIDS: Include people living with HIV in the decision-making process in policy design |
H | H | H | |||
| Financing |
M&CH: Financial effects TB: Financing (cost of treatment) |
H | H | ||||
| PROVIDER | Workers' capacity (training) |
NCDs: Strengthen capacity for change: human M&CH: Workforce planning and upgrade specific skills |
H | H | H | ||
| System's capacity |
TB: Integrated health care HIV/ AIDS: Operational convergence of HIV service-delivery platforms and other health issues |
H | H | L | |||
| Protocols and guidelines |
HIV/ AIDS: Clear treatment guidelines TB: Standardization of treatment |
H | H | H | |||
| Financing |
NCDs: Strengthen capacity for change: financial M&CH: Financing |
H | H | H | |||
| INTERVENTION | Detection/ prevention |
TB: New diagnostics (improving detection) NCDs: Prevention and treatment programmes |
H | H | L | L | |
| Use of effective treatment |
Malaria: Use effective treatment (primaquine) TB: Use of effective, tried and tested interventions |
H | H | L | H | L | |
| Monitoring |
NCDs: Monitoring M&CH: Monitoring coverage levels |
H | H | H | H | ||
| Scale/ coverage |
M&CH: Equity in provision HIV/ AIDS: Design targeted interventions (no one-size-fits-all approach) |
L | L | L | |||
| RECIPIENT | Characteristics of the treated (individuals) |
TB: Patient characteristics and the nature of their demands Malaria: Mobile vs. non-mobile population |
H | L | H | L | |
| Characteristics of the untreated (community) |
NCDs: Promote civil engagement M&CH: Community empowerment, advocacy and engagement |
H | H | L | H | ||
| ENVIRONMENT | External support/context (international community) |
Malaria: Support from international institution TB: Technical and financial support from countries |
H | H | H | H | |
| Internal support/ context (politics and society) |
NCDs: Political leadership HIV/ ADIS: Reform of justice systems |
L | L | L | L | ||
| Internal conditions |
TB: Overcrowding, indoor air pollution M&CH: Food prices |
L | L | ||||
| Health system |
M&CH: Health insurance and infrastructure TB: Integrated health care |
H | L | H | |||
| Financing |
HIV/ AIDS: Investment in R&D Malaria: Funding |
L | H | L | |||
| EVALUATION | Evaluation system |
TB: Monitoring and assessment Malaria: Monitoring systems (surveillance): measurement of progress |
H | L | |||
| Use of information |
NCDs: Accountability: Review, assess and report progress M&CH: Quality improvement mechanisms in health facilities |
H | H | ||||
| Data availability | M&CH: Quantity and quality of monitoring data | H | |||||
| Total number of strategies proposed in the series | 18 | 11 | 87 | 25 | 41 | ||
| Median number of strategies for each sub-category | 1 | 1 | 3.5 | 2 | 1.5 | ||