Table 3.
Association between depression status, anxious distress, and type 2 diabetes, stratified by age at enrolment
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |
| Age < 50 years | ||||
| Depression status | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.71 (1.16–2.51) | 1.90 (1.29–2.80) | 1.70 (1.14–2.55) | 1.56 (1.03–2.38) |
| Level of depression | ||||
| No depression | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Mild depression | 1.44 (0.77–2.70) | 1.61 (0.86–3.02) | 1.49 (0.79–2.81) | 1.57 (0.81–3.02) |
| Moderate depression | 1.41 (0.65–3.06) | 1.55 (0.71–3.38) | 1.42 (0.65–3.11) | 1.31 (0.58–2.95) |
| Severe depression | 2.14 (1.28–3.60) | 2.41 (1.43–4.07) | 2.09 (1.21–3.60) | 1.70 (0.96–3.00) |
| Depression with/without levels anxious distress | ||||
| No depression or anxious distress | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Depression without anxious distress | 1.69 (0.85–3.38) | 1.92 (0.96–3.84) | 1.79 (0.89–3.61) | 1.57 (0.76–3.24) |
| Depression with mild anxious distress | 1.51 (0.81–2.83) | 1.64 (0.87–3.07) | 1.48 (0.78–2.80) | 1.40 (0.72–2.72) |
| Depression with moderate/severe anxious distress | 1.89 (1.09–3.27) | 2.14 (1.23–3.73) | 1.86 (1.05–3.28) | 1.71 (0.94–3.10) |
| Age ≥ 50 years | ||||
| Depression status | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.05 (0.69–1.61) | 1.18 (0.77–1.82) | 1.04 (0.67–1.61) | 0.97 (0.61–1.53) |
| Level of depression | ||||
| No depression | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Mild depression | 1.27 (0.67–2.40) | 1.47 (0.77–2.80) | 1.32 (0.69–2.52) | 1.25 (0.63–2.46) |
| Moderate depression | 0.47 (0.15–1.50) | 0.52 (0.16–1.68) | 0.48 (0.15–1.55) | 0.45 (0.14–1.46) |
| Severe depression | 1.24 (0.67–2.28) | 1.37 (0.74–2.52) | 1.15 (0.62–2.15) | 1.07 (0.56–2.06) |
| Depression with/without levels anxious distress | ||||
| No depression or anxious distress | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Depression without anxious distress | 0.93 (0.43–2.03) | 1.11 (0.51–2.44) | 1.01 (0.46–2.24) | 0.91 (0.40–2.06) |
| Depression with mild anxious distress | 0.82 (0.38–1.78) | 0.89 (0.41–1.94) | 0.80 (0.36–1.75) | 0.72 (0.32–1.63) |
| Depression with moderate/severe anxious distress | 1.39 (0.75–2.56) | 1.54 (0.83–2.85) | 1.29 (0.69–2.42) | 1.26 (0.66–2.44) |
Logistic regression analyses with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) as the outcome variable. CI,Confidence Interval, OR Odds Ratio, MDI Major Depression Inventory
Model 1 Crude
Model 2 Adjusted for sex
Model 3 Adjusted for sex and socioeconomic position
Model 4 Adjusted for sex, socioeconomic position, smoking, alcohol use, physical activity, body mass index