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. 2019 Aug 13;10(1):1646965. doi: 10.1080/20008198.2019.1646965

Table 3.

Psychiatric disorders linked with multiple separations/losses.

 
Adjusted Odds Ratios (95% Confidence Interval)
Independent Variables Any Disorder Any Externalizing Disruptive Behavior Disorders Any Internalizing
Child age 1.06 (1.01–1.12) 1.06 (1.00–1.12) 1.06 (0.99–1.12) 1.03 (0.97–1.10)
Child sex 2.47 (1.07–5.70) 2.67 (1.10–6.47) 2.58 (0.99–6.70) 1.85 (0.69–4.90)
Poverty 1.64 (0.84–3.22) 1.61 (0.80–3.27) 2.40 (1.11–5.17) 0.98 (0.43–2.21)
Non-interpers. Trauma - - - -
Violence/Harsh Parenting 2.49 (1.01–6.22) 2.19 (0.89–5.37) 2.01 (0.79–5.13) 2.34 (0.87–6.33)
Single Separation/Loss 1.50 (0.72–3.17) 1.39 (0.63–3.07) 1.38 (0.58–3.29) 1.58 (0.63–3.96)
Multiple Separations/Losses 2.61 (1.01–6.75) 2.40 (0.91–6.31) 3.33 (1.21–9.16) 2.32 (0.77–6.99)

For ease of interpretation, significant effects are bolded. Child age and sex were included in all models. For parsimony, models included non-interpersonal trauma only when a significant bivariate association with the outcome was present. Violence/Harsh Parenting variable was positive if violent interpersonal trauma was reported or the child experienced very harsh parenting incorporating physical and/or verbal aggression.