Table 3.
Top Twenty Specific Medication Exposures in Infants with Severe Brochopulmonary Dysplasia Admitted to United States Children's Hospitals
| Any study-period exposure | Cumulative exposure days | Any study-period exposure | Cumulative exposure days | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medication, No (%) | (n = 3252) | Medication, days/100 patient-days | Medication - restricted1, No (%) | (n = 3252) | Medication - restricted1, days/100 patient-days | ||
| Sodium chloride | 2557 (79) | Potassium chloride | 35 | Furosemide | 2391 (74) | Furosemide | 33 |
| Furosemide | 2391 (74) | Sodium chloride | 33 | Acetaminophen | 2079 (64) | Chlorothiazide | 19 |
| Potassium chloride | 2229 (69) | Furosemide | 33 | Heparin | 1831 (56) | Heparin | 18 |
| Cyclopentolate & phenylephrine | 2172 (67) | Vitamin combinations with iron/minerals | 26 | Fentanyl | 1815 (56) | Lorazepam | 13 |
| Acetaminophen | 2079 (64) | Ferrous sulfate | 21 | Morphine | 1778 (55) | Morphine sulfate | 12 |
| Dextrose in water | 1928 (59) | Chlorothiazide | 19 | Caffeine | 1551 (48) | Budesonide | 12 |
| Heparin | 1831 (56) | Heparin | 18 | Glycerin | 1404 (43) | Caffeine | 12 |
| Fentanyl | 1815 (56) | Fat emulsions | 17 | Vancomycin | 1388 (43) | Albuterol | 11 |
| Diphtheria/tetanus/pertussis/hepatitis vaccine | 1814 (56) | Hyperalimentation solutions unspecified | 16 | Midazolam | 1355 (42) | Ranitidine | 11 |
| Vitamin combinations with iron/minerals | 1806 (56) | Dextrose in water | 13 | Lorazepam | 1238 (38) | Lansoprazole | 11 |
| Morphine | 1778 (55) | Lorazepam | 13 | Palivizumab | 1229 (38) | Ursodiol | 10 |
| Pneumococcal 7-valent conjugate vaccine | 1753 (54) | Morphine | 12 | Gentamicin | 1228 (38) | Spironolactone | 9 |
| Ferrous sulfate | 1575 (48) | Budesonide | 12 | Albuterol | 1222 (38) | Levothyroxine | 8 |
| Caffeine | 1551 (48) | Caffeine | 12 | Nystatin | 1138 (35) | Sildenafil | 8 |
| Haemophilus B conjugate vaccine | 1535 (47) | Multiple vitamins | 12 | Dexamethasone | 1131 (35) | Hydrocortisone | 8 |
| Fat emulsions | 1406 (43) | Albuterol | 11 | Lidocaine | 1078 (33) | Midazolam | 7 |
| Glycerin | 1404 (43) | Ranitidine | 11 | Rocuronium | 1040 (32) | Phenobarbital | 7 |
| Vancomycin | 1388 (43) | Lansoprazole | 11 | Chlorothiazide | 1032 (32) | Acetaminophen | 6 |
| Midazolam | 1355 (42) | Cholecalciferol | 11 | Ranitidine | 1005 (31) | Vancomycin | 6 |
| Sterile water | 1309 (40) | Ursodiol | 10 | Propofol | 997 (31) | Diuretic combinations2 | 6 |
Medication exposures were evaluated in the period between 36 weeks postmenstrual age and the first occurrence of either hospital discharge or one year of age
1
Restricting medications given as part of routine health maintenance or fluid, electrolyte and nutrition management
2
Diuretic combinations are hydrochlorothiazide and either amiloride, spironolactone or triamterene