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. 2019 Aug 28;9:12482. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-48981-w

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Geometry of the proposed inverted-pyramid photonic crystal IBC solar cell. The front surface of the cell is textured with a square lattice of inverted pyramids and coated with dual-layer ARC with refractive indices n₁ and n₂. The thickness of the silicon layer is given by H.The p-type bulk has a uniform doping concentration of 5 × 10¹⁵ cm⁻³. w_pdop and w_ndop denote the widths of the base and emitter dopings, respectively. The base and emitter contact widths are denoted by w_pcon and w_ncon, respectively. w_pn represents the distance between the edges of the base and emitter regions of the cell.