Table 5.

Differences Among Quantile Regression Estimates.

	Mathematics										Reading
	90th vs. 10th quantile	90th vs. 25th quantile	90th vs. 50th quantile	90th vs. 75th quantile	75th vs. 10th quantile	75th vs. 25th quantile	75th vs. 50th quantile	50th vs. 10th quantile	50th vs. 25th quantile	25th vs. 10th quantile	90th vs. 10th quantile	90th vs. 25th quantile	90th vs. 50th quantile	90th vs. 75th quantile	75th vs. 10th quantile	75th vs. 25th quantile	75th vs. 50th quantile	50th vs. 10th quantile	50th vs. 25th quantile	25th vs. 10th quantile
IV
Grades K to 8
Treatment effect difference	−0.088	−0.054	−0.060	−0.041	−0.047	−0.013	−0.019	−0.028	0.006	−0.034	0.023	−0.001	0.007	−0.027	0.051	0.026	0.034	0.017	−0.008	0.025
SE	0.061	0.052	0.045	0.032	0.044	0.032	0.022	0.034	0.020	0.025	0.056	0.045	0.037	0.031	0.040	0.027	0.019	0.034	0.019	0.023
Grades K to 2
Treatment effect difference	−0.026	−0.054	−0.081	−0.066	0.040	0.012	−0.015	0.055	0.027	0.028	−0.079	−0.115	−0.131	−0.138	0.059	0.023	0.007	0.052	0.016	0.037
SE	0.147	0.112	0.094	0.062	0.103	0.069	0.047	0.074	0.037	0.053	0.131	0.116	0.104	0.078	0.086	0.072	0.049	0.071	0.051	0.043
Grades 3 to 8
Treatment effect difference	−0.102	−0.062	−0.075	−0.063*	−0.038	0.001	−0.011	−0.027	0.012	−0.039	0.084	0.059	0.057	0.020	0.064	0.039	0.037	0.027	0.002	0.025
SE	0.078	0.061	0.047	0.031	0.063	0.044	0.029	0.048	0.025	0.033	0.058	0.051	0.042	0.034	0.042	0.032	0.022	0.036	0.022	0.029
ITT
Grades K to 8
Treatment effect difference	−0.041	−0.007	−0.005	−0.009	−0.032	0.002	0.004	−0.036	−0.001	−0.035	0.046	0.017	0.017	−0.015	0.061	0.032	0.031	0.030	0.000	0.029
SE	0.054	0.045	0.037	0.027	0.039	0.029	0.018	0.028	0.017	0.021	0.045	0.037	0.033	0.025	0.031	0.021	0.016	0.026	0.015	0.019
Grades K to 2
Treatment effect difference	−0.025	−0.054	−0.081	−0.066	0.041	0.012	−0.015	0.056	0.027	0.029	−0.070	−0.107	−0.122	−0.129	0.059	0.023	0.007	0.052	0.016	0.037
SE	0.111	0.094	0.075	0.054	0.087	0.068	0.043	0.065	0.048	0.043	0.128	0.106	0.099	0.078	0.077	0.057	0.042	0.077	0.051	0.048
Grades 3 to 8
Treatment effect difference	−0.066	−0.013	−0.010	−0.017	−0.049	0.004	0.006	−0.055	−0.003	−0.053*	0.089*	0.063	0.065*	0.034	0.055	0.029	0.031	0.024	−0.002	0.026
SE	0.061	0.050	0.040	0.028	0.048	0.035	0.022	0.037	0.022	0.025	0.044	0.037	0.030	0.022	0.034	0.026	0.018	0.027	0.018	0.023
TOT
Grades K to 8
Treatment effect difference	−0.095	−0.057	−0.056	−0.041	−0.054	−0.016	−0.015	−0.039	−0.001	−0.038	0.010	−0.022	−0.007	−0.018	0.028	−0.004	0.011	0.017	−0.015	0.032
SE	0.070	0.059	0.046	0.035	0.053	0.039	0.023	0.040	0.024	0.028	0.060	0.050	0.040	0.029	0.045	0.033	0.023	0.038	0.023	0.027
Grades K to 2
Treatment effect difference	−0.035	−0.078	−0.097	−0.093	0.057	0.014	−0.004	0.061	0.018	0.043	−0.066	−0.113	−0.146	−0.172	0.106	0.059	0.026	0.080	0.033	0.047
SE	0.140	0.111	0.097	0.067	0.105	0.076	0.054	0.076	0.051	0.051	0.154	0.127	0.115	0.095	0.094	0.069	0.051	0.089	0.053	0.057
Grades 3 to 8
Treatment effect difference	−0.132	−0.115	−0.121*	−0.089*	−0.043	−0.026	−0.032	−0.011	0.007	−0.017	0.057	0.022	0.041	0.034	0.023	−0.012	0.007	0.016	−0.020	0.035
SE	0.087	0.071	0.055	0.036	0.068	0.051	0.033	0.050	0.031	0.035	0.064	0.056	0.045	0.034	0.053	0.040	0.026	0.042	0.027	0.033

Note. SE = standard error; IV = instrumental variables; ITT = intention to treat; TOT = treatment on the treated.

^*p≤ .05.