Table 1. Baseline Characteristics of Participants by RLS Status.
| Characteristic | Participants, No. (%) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No RLS (n = 145 194) | RLS (n = 24 179) | ||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 49.4 (9.1) | 49.4 (9.1) | |
| Male | 45 798 (31.5) | 7628 (31.5) | |
| Rural residence | 28 115 (19.4) | 5994 (24.8) | <.001 |
| Region of United States | |||
| South | 58 133 (40.0) | 12 330 (51.0) | <.001 |
| West | 32 758 (22.6) | 3104 (12.8) | |
| Midwest | 40 088 (27.6) | 7245 (30.0) | |
| Northeast | 13 997 (9.6) | 1448 (6.0) | |
| Unknown | 218 (0.2) | 52 (0.2) | |
| Alcohol consumption | 422 (0.3) | 150 (0.6) | <.001 |
| Baseline comorbidities | |||
| Diabetes | 10 625 (7.3) | 2365 (9.8) | <.001 |
| Hypertension | 27 849 (19.1) | 6619 (27.4) | <.001 |
| Obesity | 2148 (1.5) | 1151 (4.8) | <.001 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 3973 (2.7) | 1113 (4.6) | <.001 |
| Obstructive sleep apnea | 2507 (1.7) | 3191 (13.2) | <.001 |
| Depression | 7648 (5.3) | 3949 (16.3) | <.001 |
| Insomnia | 1537 (1.1) | 1651 (6.8) | <.001 |
| Peripheral neuropathy | 566 (0.4) | 626 (2.6) | <.001 |
| Rheumatologic disease | 1557 (1.1) | 486 (2.0) | <.001 |
| Osteoarthritis | 7079 (4.9) | 2998 (12.4) | <.001 |
| Iron-deficiency anemia | 1480 (1.0) | 659 (2.7) | <.001 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 372 (0.3) | 122 (0.5) | <.001 |
| Parkinson disease | 84 (0.1) | 55 (0.2) | <.001 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 8769 (6.0) | 3301 (13.7) | <.001 |
| Baseline medications | |||
| Antidepressant | 25 663 (17.7) | 7326 (30.3) | <.001 |
| Antiplatelet | 284 (0.2) | 76 (0.3) | <.001 |
| Anticoagulant | 28 (0.02) | 2 (0.01) | .30 |
| Statin | 20 197 (13.9) | 2759 (11.4) | <.001 |
| Nonstatin | 6745 (4.6) | 1127 (4.7) | .91 |
| Antihypertensive | 40 380 (27.8) | 5899 (24.4) | <.001 |
| Antidiabetic | 15 855 (10.9) | 2197 (9.1) | <.001 |
Abbreviation: RLS, restless legs syndrome.