Figure 2.

The potential mechanism of heat shock proteins involved in haemorrhagic stroke. PERK, protein kinase RNA‐like ER kinase; AFT6, activating transcription factor 6; IRE1, inositol‐requiring protein 1α; ERS, endoplasmic reticulum stress; AFT4, activating transcription factor 4; GADD153, growth arrest and DNA‐damage‐inducible gene 153; CHOP, C/EBP homologous protein; PKG, cGMP‐dependent protein kinase; PKA, cAMP‐dependent protein kinase; HSP20‐p, HSP20 phosphopeptide; BBB, blood‐brain barrier; MMP‐9, matrix metalloproteinases 9; p‐Akt, phosphorylated RAC‐alpha serine/threonine‐protein kinase; Bcl‐2, B‐cell lymphoma 2; Nrf2, nuclear factor erythroid‐2 related factor 2; Keap1, actin‐bound Kelch like‐ECH‐associated protein 1; ARE, antioxidant response elements; HMOX1, haeme oxygenase (decycling) 1