Table IX.
Effects of early and late ADHD on employment
| Outcome | Employed | Employed | Employed | Employed | Employed | Employed | Employed | Employed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample | Full | Full | Family | Family | Family | Family | Family | Family |
| Fixed effects | None | School | None | School | Family | Family | Family | Family/Occupation |
| Additional controls | None | None | None | None | None | Health | Education | H/E |
| Diagnosed ADHD (early) | −0.125*** (0.026) |
−0.125*** (0.026) |
—0.191*** (0.051) |
−0.192*** (0.057) |
−0.148* (0.087) |
−0.141* (0.085) |
−0.146* (0.085) |
−0.204** (0.085) |
| Diagnosed ADHD (late) | −0.076*** (0.025) |
−0.082*** (0.025) |
−0.060 (0.059) |
−0.057 (0.063) |
−0.066 (0.076) |
−0.055 (0.075) |
−0.051 (0.076) |
−0.038 (0.080) |
| Age | −0.029*** (0.006) |
−0.030*** (0.006) |
−0.020** (0.009) |
−0.019** (0.009) |
−0.011 (0.017) |
−0.008 (0.017) |
−0.003 (0.017) |
0.004 (0.018) |
| Female | −0.087*** (0.010) |
−0.086*** (0.010) |
−0.114*** (0.018) |
−0.116*** (0.019) |
−0.073*** (0.027) |
−0.070** (0.028) |
−0.086*** (0.027) |
−0.077** (0.031) |
| Test score | 0.028*** (0.006) |
0.021*** (0.006) |
0.021** (0.010) |
0.014 (0.011) |
0.035* (0.019) |
0.035* (0.019) |
0.027 (0.019) |
0.033* (0.019) |
| Constant | 1.436*** (0.163) |
1.495*** (0.169) |
1.197*** (0.250) |
1.224*** (0.252) |
0.988*** (0.342) |
0.908** (0.355) |
0.553 (0.386) |
0.754* (0.429) |
| Observations | 12,506 | 12,506 | 2,951 | 2,951 | 2,954 | 2,954 | 2,954 | 2,884 |
| R-squared | 0.031 | 0.052 | 0.041 | 0.113 | 0.014 | 0.031 | 0.044 | 0.082 |
Robust standard errors in parentheses, clustered at school/family.
***
p<0.01.
**
p<0.05.
*
p<0.1.
Additional controls: Table III controls. Health controls: asthma, low birth weight, diabetes, childhood mistreatment, high school marijuana, tobacco and alcohol use, high school obesity, depression, sexual activity, and missing information dummies. Education controls: test score at wave 3, completed schooling at wave 4.