TABLE 4.
Percentage, significance test and effect sizes of sex, age, and family affluence with dieting and physical activity.
| Diet to lose | Diet to gain | MVPA | VPA | ||||||||||||
| Descriptive | Significance tests | Descriptive | Significance tests | Descriptive | Significance tests | Descriptive | Significance tests | ||||||||
| statistics | statistics | statistics | statistics | ||||||||||||
| No | Yes | No | Yes | Null | Low | High | Null | Low | High | ||||||
| Sex | Boys | 90.0% | 10.0% | X2(1) = 32.73, p < 0.001; phi = 0.085 | 94.2% | 5.8% | X2(1) = 45.57, p < 0.001; phi = 0.100 | 5.3% | 58.1% | 36.6% | X2(2) = 161.71, p < 0.001; V = 0.195 | 8.1% | 47.1% | 44.8% | X2(2) = 281.65, p < 0.001; V = 0.257 |
| (5.7) | (−5.7) | (−6.8) | (6.8) | (−5.2) | (−8.7) | (12.3) | (−8.5) | (−9.6) | (16.2) | ||||||
| Girls | 84.3% | 15.7% | 98.1% | 1.9% | 9.5% | 70.9% | 19.6% | 16.7% | 61.9% | 21.4% | |||||
| (−5.7) | (5.7) | (6.8) | (−6.8) | (5.2) | (8.7) | (−12.3) | (8.5) | (9.6) | (−16.2) | ||||||
| Age | 13–14 year | 87.3% | 12.7% | X2(2) = 0.82, p = 0.664; V = 0.013 | 97.7% | 2.3% | X2(2) = 19.77, p < 0.001; V = 0.066 | 4.3% | 61.3% | 34.4% | X2(4) = 62.72, p < 0.001; Tau -b = −0.106 | 8.4% | 55.9% | 35.7% | X2(4) = 31.02, p < 0.001; Tau -b = −0.070 |
| (0.1) | (−0.1) | (2.5) | (−2.5) | (−3.5) | (−2.0) | (4.1) | (−3.6) | (0.8) | (1.6) | ||||||
| 15–16 year | 87.5% | 12.5% | 96.8% | 3.2% | 6.3% | 64.3% | 29.4% | 12.0% | 53.1% | 34.9% | |||||
| (0.7) | (−0.7) | (2.1) | (−2.1) | (−2.9) | (−0.3) | (2.0) | (−0.8) | (−2.0) | (2.6) | ||||||
| 17–18 year | 86.5% | 13.5% | 94.4% | 5.6% | 10.9% | 66.5% | 22.6% | 15.2% | 56.2% | 28.7% | |||||
| (−0.9) | (0.9) | (−4.3) | (4.3) | (5.9) | (1.9) | (−5.4) | (3.7) | (1.4) | (−4.1) | ||||||
| FAS | Low | 86.7% | 13.3% | X2(2) = 0.22, p = 0.894; V = 0.007 | 96.6% | 3.4% | X2(2) = 6.81, p = 0.033; V = 0.041 | 10.0% | 66.4% | 23.7% | X2(4) = 28.58, p < 0.001; Tau -b = 0.075 | 17.0% | 56.3% | 26.7% | X2(4) = 47.29, p < 0.001; Tau -b = 0.093 |
| (−0.5) | (0.5) | (0.7) | (−0.7) | (3.1) | (1.2) | (−3.1) | (4.4) | (1.0) | (−4.1) | ||||||
| Medium | 87.4% | 12.6% | 96.7% | 3.3% | 7.3% | 65.7% | 27.0% | 11.9% | 56.6% | 31.5% | |||||
| (0.2) | (−0.2) | (1.9) | (−1.9) | (−0.1) | (1.5) | (−1.5) | (−0.8) | (2.3) | (−1.8) | ||||||
| High | 87.3% | 12.7% | 95.0% | 5.0% | 5.9% | 61.8% | 32.4% | 10.2% | 51.1% | 38.7% | |||||
| (0.1) | (−0.1) | (−2.6) | (2.6) | (−2.5) | (−2.6) | (4.2) | (−2.8) | (−3.3) | (5.4) | ||||||
The value of the corrected standardized residual is included in parentheses. The bold values indicate small (0.10–0.29), medium (0.30–0.49), or high (0.50 and above) effect size values- phi and V- and corrected standardized residuals -SRc- higher to 2.33 (one-sided confidence interval of 99%).