Table 2.

Factors Associated With Outpatient Versus Inpatient Treatment for Deep Vein Thrombosis.

Author, Year (N)	Country	Proportion Treated as Outpatients, % (n/N)	Primary Anticoagulant Upon Discharge	Characteristics Associated With Outpatient Treatment	Characteristics not Associated With Treatment Setting
Douce, 2017 (N = 141)	US	28% (39/141)	NR	Younger age Female Absence of proximal DVT	Obesity Provoked DVT Cancer Renal function Coronary artery disease Hyperlipidemia Hypertension Diabetes Smoking
Mansour 2017,a (N = 23 015)	Canada	84% (19 306/23 015)	NR	Younger age Female Adequate renal function Unprovoked DVT Absence of the following comorbidities: Congestive heart failure Cancer Anemia Peptic ulcer disease Thrombocytopenia Liver disease Myocardial infarction PVD Cerebrovascular accident Hypertension Diabetes COPD Neurological disease Connective tissue disease Hemiplegia Valvular disease Falls Alcoholism Hypothyroidism Postoperative Recent hospitalization	AIDS
Mausbach, 2017a (N = 236)	Israel	38% (89/236)	LMWH and/or VKA	Absence of previous stroke	Older age Male Renal function Provoked DVT Previous VTE Cardiac disease Lung disease Cancer Previous bleeding Clotting abnormality Chronic liver disease Diabetes Smoking Drug abuse
Tichter, 2017 (N = 690 000)	US	54% (374 670/690 000)	NR	Pulse oximetry percentage	NR
Lamb, 2016 (N = 1 146 469)	US	49% (559 477/1 146 469)	NR	Younger age Absence of iliofemoral DVT	NR
Singer, 2016 (N = 652 000)	US	48% (312 960/652 000)	NR	Younger age	NR
Stein, 2016 (N = 2 671 452)	US	34% (905 152/2 671 452)	NR	Younger agea No comorbiditiesb	NR
Dentali, 2015 (N = 1452)	Italy	54% (780/1452)	LMWH and/or VKA	Younger age DVT provoked by estrogen therapy Adequate renal function Absence of anemia	Male Weight Prior VTE Pregnancy Chronic heart failure Chronic lung disease Cancer Recent major bleed Postoperative Long-term travel Immobility
Rosa-Salazar, 2015a,c (N = 1135)	International	45% (515/1135)	LMWH and/or VKA	Absence of chronic heart failure Cancer	Male Prior VTE Chronic lung disease Recent major bleeding Anemia Abnormal platelet count Postoperative Immobility
Stein, 2015 (N = 96)	US	11% (11/96)	NR	No comorbiditiesd	Older age Male Severe leg pain DVT location
Trujillo-Santos, 2015 (N = 15 280)	International	34% (5164/15 280)	LMWH and/or VKA	Younger age Male Higher weight Adequate renal function Not proximal or bilateral lower limb DVT Absence of the following comorbidities: Chronic heart failure Chronic lung disease Recent major bleeding Anemia Abnormal platelet count Immobility	Prior VTE Cancer Postoperative
Lozano, 2014 (N = 13 493)	International	33% (4456/13 493)	LMWH and/or VKA	Younger age Male Higher weight Adequate renal function Not proximal or bilateral lower limb DVT Absence of the following comorbidities: Chronic heart failure Chronic lung disease Cancer Recent major bleeding Anemia Immobility	Prior VTE Postoperative
Gibson-Chambers, 2013 (N = 845 000)	US	42% (358 280/845 000)	NR	Younger age Female Decreased number of comorbiditiese	NR

Abbreviations: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DVT, deep vein thrombosis; LMWH, low-molecular-weight heparin; NR, not reported; US, United States; PVD, peripheral vascular disease; VKA, vitamin K antagonist; VTE, venous thromboembolism.

^a Statistical significance was not reported for desired outcomes; thus, we independently analyzed the data to generate a P value, with values <.05 considered statistically significant.

^b Defined by the Charlson comorbidity index. The proportion of patients with no comorbidities treated as outpatients was higher than the number of patients with comorbid conditions treated as outpatients.

^c All included patients had deep vein thrombosis in the upper extremity.

^d The most common comorbid conditions were diabetes and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Other comorbidities included dementia, cancer, and cerebral vascular disease.

^e Defined by the Charlson comorbidity index and measured as a continuous variable.