. 2018 Oct 17;1(2):e9. doi: 10.2196/pediatrics.9618

Table 4.

Bivariable and multivariable analyses of factors with the willingness to receive short message service (SMS) text message–based mHealth interventions to improve antenatal care (ANC) among pregnant women attending ANC at health centers in the Gondar Town Administration, Northwest Ethiopia (N=416).

Factors		Willingness, n		Crude odds ratio (95% CI)	Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)
Factors		Yes	No	Crude odds ratio (95% CI)	Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)
Age (years)
	15-24	133	27	2.810 (1.729-4.569)	2.869 (1.451-5.651)^a
	≥25	163	93	Ref^b	Ref
Place of residence
	Urban	255	83	2.773 (1.667-4.612)	—
	Rural	41	37	Ref	—
Educational level
	Cannot read and write	34	36	Ref	Ref
	Informal education	13	8	1.721 (0.634-4.666)	5.032 (0.792-31.978)
	Primary	78	32	2.581 (1.383-4.815)	3.040 (1.001-9.230)^a
	Secondary and above	171	44	4.115 (2.318-7.305)	4.995 (1.489-14.773)^a
Type of mobile phone^c
	Smart	101	19	2.030 (1.136-3.627)	—
	Standard	144	55	Ref	—
Frequency of mobile phone use^c
	Always	229	57	Ref	Ref
	Some times	16	17	0.234 (0.112-0.492)	0.319 (0.141-0.718)^a
Lock mobile phone with a password^c
	Yes	132	32	0.110 (0.652-1.102)	—
Share mobile phone with others in the house
	Yes	64	31	Ref	—
	No	181	43	2.039 (1.181-3.508)	—
Use internet^c
	Yes	124	27	1.784 (1.044-3.047)	—
	No	121	47	Ref	Ref

^aStatistically significant at P<.05.

^bRef: reference.

^cParticipants with mobile phone ownership, n=319.