Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the IT-DIAB population (n = 389) according to the final status for conversion to new onset diabetes.
| No new onset diabetes n = 251 |
Conversion to new onset diabetes n = 138 |
Confirmed conversion to new onset diabetes (n = 41) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical | |||
| Women | 71 (28.3%) | 46 (33.3%) | 13 (31.7%) |
| Age (years) | 58.4 ± 10.3 | 57.6 ± 8.8 | 57.9 ± 9.3 |
| Diabetes Risk Score | 13.3 ± 4.6 | 15.7 ± 4.0 | 16.9 ± 3.6 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 28.4 ± 5.2 | 31.2 ± 6.0 | 33.0 ± 7.2 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 96.8 ± 13.2 | 102.8 ± 14.3 | 106.4 ± 14.9 |
| Hip circumference (cm) | 101.8 ± 10.0 | 107.3 ± 14.7 | 110.5 ± 17.9 |
| Waist/Hip ratio | 0.95 ± 0.09 | 0.96 ± 0.09 | 0.97 ± 0.09 |
| Hypertension | 96 (38.4%) | 62 (44.9%) | 19 (46.3%) |
| Metabolic syndrome† | 109 (43.6%) | 91 (66.4%) | 30 (73.2%) |
| Statin therapy | 60 (23.9%) | 35 (25.4%) | 12 (29.3%) |
| Biological (fasting) | |||
| Glucose homeostasis | |||
| Plasma glucose (mg/dL) | 115 (112–119) | 117 (113–121) | 120 (114–123) |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.8 ± 0.4 | 6.0 ± 0.4 | 5.9 ± 0.4 |
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 39.4 ± 4.2 | 41.7 ± 4.6 | 40.6 ± 4.0 |
| Fasting serum insulin (mUI/L) | 12.2 ± 8.1 | 17.3 ± 10 | 17.0 ± 10.0 |
| HOMA-IR | 3.42 ± 2.41 | 5.08 ± 2.92 | 4.94 ± 2.83 |
| HMW-Adiponectin (μg/mL) | 3.94 ± 2.30 | 3.29 ± 1.93 | 3.40 ± 1.53 |
| Liver enzymes | |||
| AST (UI/L) | 21.7 ± 7.9 | 25.2 ± 11.4 | 28.1 ± 15.2 |
| ALT (UI/L) | 30.1 ± 17.2 | 34.1 ± 20.1 | 38.4 ± 27.4 |
| GGT (UI/L) | 45.0 ± 42.7 | 46.1 ± 35.0 | 52.6 ± 38 |
| Lipid profile | |||
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 215.5 ± 37.8 | 213.3 ± 40.3 | 206 ± 41.3 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 126.2 ± 76.8 | 144.5 ± 75.6 | 144.8 ± 74.1 |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 135.6 ± 35 | 134.3 ± 35.1 | 126.8 ± 37.3 |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 54.6 ± 15.6 | 50.3 ± 12.6 | 50.0 ± 15.0 |
| Non-HDL-C (mg/dL) | 160.9 ± 40.1 | 162.5 ± 38.7 | 156 ± 41.6 |
| Fatty liver index | |||
| Raw value | 59.4 (30.7–79.9) | 73.7 (47.4–93.2) | 83.6 (59.9–95.2) |
| <30 | 62 (24.7%) | 15 (10.9%) | 2 (4.9%) |
| 30–59 | 65 (25.9%) | 38 (27.5%) | 9 (22%) |
| ≥ 60 | 124 (49.4%) | 85 (61.6%) | 30 (73.2%) |
† According to the International Diabetes Federation consensus statement.
HOMA-IR: Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; HMW: High Molecular Weight