Table 3. Multivariate analysis of factors associated with elevated CAVI levels (CAVI≥ 8).
| Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysisa | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk factor | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value |
| Age, years | 1.16 (1.14–1.17) | <0.001 | 1.15 (1.13–1.17) | <0.001 |
| Sex, male | 1.03 (0.85–1.24) | 0.767 | ||
| BMI, kg/m2 | 0.94 (0.92–0.97) | <0.001 | 0.80 (0.74–0.86) | <0.001 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.979 | 1.04 (1.02–1.07) | 0.002 |
| Smoking status, ever (vs. never)* | 1.47 (1.23–1.74) | <0.001 | 1.96 (1.58–2.43) | <0.001 |
| Alcohol, excessive (vs. not excessive) | 1.05 (0.86–1.28) | 0.641 | ||
| Physical activity, regular (vs. inactive) | 0.87 (0.73–1.04) | 0.130 | ||
| Hypertension | 2.62 (2.19–3.13) | <0.001 | 1.94 (1.56–2.42) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 2.92 (2.34–3.66) | <0.001 | 1.66 (1.26–2.19) | <0.001 |
| Dyslipidemia | 1.79 (1.51–2.14) | <0.001 | 1.36 (1.10–1.68) | 0.005 |
| Hp-seropositivity | 1.53 (1.28–1.83) | <0.001 | 1.36 (1.10–1.68) | 0.005 |
CAVI, cardio-ankle vascular index; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index; Hp, Helicobacter pylori
*: Ever smoker was defined as a current or ex-smoker
aAll variables with P <0.10 in univariate analysis and clinically relevant variables were included in a multivariate logistic regression model.