Table 2:

Hazard Ratios from Cox Proportional Hazard Model Predicting Death, Males aged 30–84. National Health Interview Survey,1997–2009.

	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4	Model 5	Model 6
Race/Ethnicity
White (Ref)
Black	1.41***	1.51***	1.46***	1.31***	1.22***	1.05
Veteran Status
Nonveteran (ref)
Veteran	1.00	1.03	1.03	1.00	1.01	1.02
Race/Ethnicity × Veteran Status
Black × Veteran		0.85***	0.85**	0.88**	0.88**	0.93
Region of Residence
Northeast (Ref)
Northcentral/Midwest			1.05	1.01	1.02	1.04
South			1.15***	1.09**	1.12***	1.14***
West			0.99	0.99	0.99	1.02
Smoking
Never Smoker (Ref)
Past Smoker				1.39***	1.41***	1.33***
Current Someday Smoker				2.10***	2.01***	1.78***
Current Everyday Smoker				2.79***	2.69***	2.33***
Alcohol Consumption
Never Drinker (Ref)
Former Drinker				1.17***	1.15***	1.16***
Current Drinker				0.82***	0.82***	0.91**
BMI
0–18.49				2.31***	2.24***	2.06***
18.50–29.99 (Ref)
30+				1.15***	1.16***	1.12***
Health Insurance Status
Has Health Insurance				0.83***	0.90**	1.01
Family Characteristics
Number of Family Members					0.97*	1.00
Marital Status
Married (Ref)
Divorced/Separated					1.37***	1.23***
Widowed					1.22***	1.13***
Never Married					1.58***	1.36***
Income
$0-$34,999 (ref)
$35,000–$74,999						0.85***
$75,000+						0.72***
Educational Attainment
Less than High School Degree (Ref)
High School Degree						0.94**
Greater than High School Degree						0.86***
Home Ownership
Owns Home						0.81***
Employment Status
Currently Employed						0.56***
N					99,063
Person Years					810,151
Deaths					13,691

^*p <0.05

^**p <0.01

^***p < 0.001

Source: National Health Interview Survey, (1997–2009). Linked Mortality File through 2011.