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. 2019 Aug 29;9:12587. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-49028-w

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Representative confocal images of FNP distribution along the spinal cord at 2 hours and 3 weeks. FNPs (red) distributed to the sacral regions of the spinal column within 2 hours and remained for over 3 weeks. FNPs could be observed following the meninges around spinal nerve roots (2 hr arrow), which may represent a clearance route for FNPs from the CNS. Even at later time points, the FNPs were mainly confined to meninges with minimal evidence for parenchymal penetration. FNPs appeared more punctate at later time points and could frequently be found within the central canal (3 wk arrows). The location of the slice along the spinal column is shown for each slice in the lower right. Zoomed in image of only FNP signal within the dashed box shown to the right of each tissue slice. Equivalent linear adjustments were made to the FNP signal in each image to enable better visualization. Cell nuclei (DAPI) are shown in blue. Scale bar = 200 µm.