Table 2.
Comparison of characteristics according to treatment modality in GAP stage I.
| Conservative care (n = 11) | Operation (n = 62) | Chemotherapy (n = 35) | Radiotherapy (n = 7) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 77.8 ± 6.1 | 69.4 ± 8.4 | 67.2 ± 9.5 | 70.3 ± 7.9 | 0.006 |
| Gender (male) | 9 (81.8) | 60 (96.8) | 32 (91.4) | 6 (85.7) | 0.289 |
| BMI, kg/m² | 22.6 ± 2.6 | 23.6 ± 3.1 | 22.9 ± 2.8 | 22.2 ± 2.1 | 0.433 |
| Smoking status | 0.135 | ||||
| Never smoker | 0 | 8 (12.9) | 4 (11.4) | 0 | |
| Former smoker | 8 (72.7) | 47 (75.8) | 22 (62.9) | 4 (57.1) | |
| Current smoker | 3 (27.3) | 7 (11.3) | 9 (25.7) | 3 (42.9) | |
| Total amount of cigarettes smoked in a lifetime (PYs) | 50.9 ± 20.8 | 32.1 ± 21.3 | 35.1 ± 24.9 | 34.3 ± 15.7 | 0.095 |
| Pulmonary function test | |||||
| FVC, predicted % | 98.6 ± 15.7 | 95.2 ± 13.5 | 86.9 ± 14.5 | 86.9 ± 15.6 | 0.068 |
| FEV1, predicted % | 106.6 ± 14.5 | 97.2 ± 16.7 | 93.2 ± 17.6 | 87.3 ± 16.6 | 0.078 |
| DLCO, predicted % | 75.2 ± 18.8 | 81.7 ± 16.3 | 78.4 ± 19.6 | 65.4 ± 14.0 | 0.109 |
| Histologic type | 0.009 | ||||
| Squamous cell carcinoma | 6 (54.5) | 30 (48.4) | 13 (37.1) | 3 (42.9) | |
| Adenocarcinoma | 4 (36.4) | 28 (45.2) | 16 (45.7) | 1 (14.3) | |
| Large cell carcinoma | 0 | 4 (6.5) | 0 | 0 | |
| Unclassified NSCLC | 1 (9.1) | 0 (0) | 6 (17.1) | 2 (42.9) | |
| Clinical stage | <0.001 | ||||
| I/II/III/IV | 4/2/4/1 | 33/17/11/1 | 0/0/18/17 | 2/1/2/2 | |
| ECOG | <0.001 | ||||
| 0/1/2/3/4 | 1/7/2/0/1 | 22/37/3/0/0 | 3/25/5/2/0 | 0/2/1/3/1 | |
| Median OS, month | 13.4 ± 9.4 | 42.0 ± 37.5 | 11.2 ± 18.4 | 11.9 ± 7.8 | <0.001 |
| Median PFS, month | 3.9 ± 4.0 | 34.6 ± 39.0 | 7.5 ± 18.3 | 8.2 ± 6.1 | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: GAP = gender (G), age (A), and two physiology variables (P) (FVC and DLco)) stage system; BMI = body mass index; PYs = pack-years; FVC = forced vital capacity; FEV1 = forced expiratory volume in one second; DLco = diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide; NSCLC = non-small-cell lung cancer; ECOG = Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; OS = overall survival; PFS = progression-free survival.
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation, median, or frequency (%).