Table 4.
Cox multivariate proportional hazard analysis according to GAP stage.
| Variables | GAP stage I | GAP stage II/III | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | P value | HR | 95% CI | P value | |
| Lung cancer stage | 0.001 | 0.002 | ||||
| Stage I | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
| Stage II | 1.489 | 0.722–3.072 | 0.281 | 0.183 | 0.023–1.455 | 0.108 |
| Stage III | 1.508 | 0.715–3.179 | 0.281 | 5.384 | 0.520–55.729 | 0.158 |
| Stage IV | 7.775 | 2.593–23.307 | <0.001 | 35.94 | 3.606–358.215 | 0.002 |
| ECOG | 0.077 | 0.007 | ||||
| ECOG 0 and 1 | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
| ECOG 2 | 1.134 | 0.471–2.732 | 0.779 | 3.71 | 1.436–9.587 | 0.007 |
| ECOG 3 and 4 | 3.037 | 1.152–8.010 | 0.025 | 4.711 | 1.558–14.240 | 0.006 |
| Primary treatment | 0.005 | 0.377 | ||||
| Conservative care | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
| Operation | 0.233 | 0.094–0.574 | 0.002 | 2.118 | 0.261–17.207 | 0.482 |
| Chemotherapy | 0.613 | 0.210–1.787 | 0.370 | 0.818 | 0.296–2.265 | 0.700 |
| Radiotherapy | 0.421 | 0.115–1.541 | 0.191 | 0.323 | 0.077–0.077 | 0.123 |
| Total amount of cigarettes smoked in a lifetime (PYs) | 0.993 | 0.982–1.004 | 0.189 | 1.016 | 1.002–1.031 | 0.031 |
Abbreviations: HR = Hazard ratio, GAP = gender (G), age (A), and two physiology variables (P) (FVC and DLco)) stage system; PYs = pack-years; ECOG = Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group.
*Adjusted for lung cancer clinical stage, ECOG, primary treatment, and smoking amount.