Fig. 1.

NCLX expression and mtCU components are significantly altered in AD. a Western blots for proteins associated with _mCa²⁺ exchange in postmortem brains of patients diagnosed with non-familial, sporadic AD, and age-matched controls, n = 7 for both groups. MCU, Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter; MCUB, Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter β-subunit; MICU1, Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake 1; MICU2, Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake 2; EMRE, Essential MCU Regulator; NCLX, Mitochondrial Na⁺/Ca²⁺ Exchanger. Voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) and oxidative phosphorylation component, Complex V α-subunit (CV-Sα) were used as mitochondrial loading controls. b NCLX mRNA expression in tissue isolated from the frontal cortex of 3xTg-AD mutant mice and age-matched outbred non-transgenic controls (NTg). c Western blots for expression of _mCa²⁺ exchanger in 12-month-old 3xTg-AD mutant mice and age-matched NTg controls, n = 3 for both groups. d NCLX mRNA expression in N2a control + Ad-NCLX, APPswe and APPswe + Ad-NCLX corrected to N2a control. e Western blots for NCLX expression in N2a control, Control + Ad-NCLX, APPswe, and APPswe + Ad-NCLX; representative of three independent experiments. f Mitochondrial Ca²⁺ transients, mean shown as solid line, thin lines display ± SEM; n = 9 for Con, n = 9 for Con + Ad-NCLX, n = 11 APPswe and n = 9 for APPswe + Ad-NCLX. g Quantification of _mCa²⁺ transient peak amplitude. h Percent _mCa²⁺ efflux rate vs. control. i Cytosolic Ca²⁺ transients, mean shown as solid line, thin lines display ± SEM. j Quantification of cytosolic Ca²⁺ peak amplitude. k Representative recordings of mitochondrial Ca²⁺ retention capacity. l Percent change in _mCa²⁺ retention capacity vs. N2a control cells. m Representative traces for basal mitochondrial Ca²⁺ content. n Quantification of _mCa²⁺ content. (n = individual dots shown for each group in all graphs. All data presented as mean ± SEM; ****p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05; one-way ANOVA with Sidak's multiple comparisons test.) Source data are available as a Source Data file