Table 1.
Demographic, clinical and hemodynamic characteristics of study subjects
| All patients (n = 28) | Sepsis (n = 13) | Septic shock (n = 15) | Controls (n = 15) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic and clinical characteristics | ||||
| Age (in years) | 70 (62–78.5) | 70 (65–78) | 69 (56–79) | 35 (25–36)† |
| Male, n (%) | 17 (61%) | 8 (63%) | 7 (47%) | 8 (53%) |
| APACHE II score | 23 (18–29) | 17 (15–22)* | 27 (21–29) | NA |
| SOFA score | 10 (7–12) | 7 (6–11)* | 11 (10–12) | NA |
| Arterial lactate, mmol/l | 4.0 (2.4–5.3) | 5.0 (2.4–7.0) | 4.0 (2.3–7.0) | NA |
| Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 7 (25%) | 3 (23%) | 4 (27%) | NA |
| Renal replacement therapy, n (%) | 5 (18%) | 2 (15%) | 3 (20%) | NA |
| ICU survivors, n, (%) | 23 (82%) | 11 (85%) | 12 (80%) | NA |
| 28-day survivors n, (%) | 20 (71%) | 9 (70%) | 11 (65%) | NA |
| Source of sepsis n, (%) | NA | |||
| Abdominal | 12 (43%) | 6 (46%) | 6 (40%) | |
| Respiratory | 8 (29%) | 3 (23%) | 5 (33%) | |
| Urinary | 4 (14%) | 3 (23%) | 1 (7%) | |
| Other | 4 (14%) | 1 (8%) | 3 (20%) | |
| Hemodynamic characteristics | ||||
| Baseline systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 99 (92–107) | 100 (98–106) | 97 (92–108) | 115 (112–127)† |
| Baseline mean arterial pressure (mm Hg) | 67 (65–74) | 74 (69–79)** | 65 (64–67) | 91 (87.5–98.5)† |
| Volume of fluids before inclusion (ml) | 2887 (2402–3205) | 2402 (2315–2608) | 3270 (2428–3420) | NA |
| Baseline dose of noradrenaline (mcg/kg/min) | 0.04 (0–1) | 0** | 0.1 (0.06–0.25) | NA |
| Heart rate (beats/min) | 113 (92–137) | 113 (92–114) | 128 (110–145) | 63 (59–70.5)† |
| Mottling score | NA | |||
| 0 | 22 (79%) | 12 (92%) | 10 (67%) | |
| 1 | 2 (7%) | 0 | 2 (13%) | |
| 2 | 3 (11%) | 1 (8%) | 2 (13%) | |
| 3 | 1 (3%) | 0 | 1 (7%) | |
Data are presented as numbers with percentages (%) or medians with interquartile range
APACHE II, Acute Physiology, Age, Chronic Health Evaluation II; Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score represents maximum value calculated within 24 h of intensive care unit admission
* p < 0.05 sepsis vs. septic shock
** p < 0.001 sepsis vs. septic shock
†p < 0.001 controls vs. sepsis and septic shock