Table 1:

Characteristics of the mothers and children at the child’s birth.

		Sample, percent (N)
		Enrolled at birth (n=1506)	Enrolled at 1–2 years (n=1198)	Enrolled at 10 years (N=882)
Maternal characteristics
Race	White	59 (874)	60 (714)	63 (558)
	Black	29 (427)	27 (322)	26 (226)
	Other	13 (187)	13 (151)	11 (96)
Hispanic ethnicity	Yes	12 (179)	12 (147)	10 (86)
Age, years	< 21	14 (218)	14 (170)	19 (113)
	21–35	68 (1017)	67 (802)	67 (591)
	>35	18 (269)	19 (226)	20 (178)
Education	≤ 12	45 (645)	44 (518)	41 (363)
	13–15	24 (348)	24 (278)	23 (209)
	≥ 16	40 (434)	32 (382)	35 (310)
Single marital status	Yes	44 (658)	44 (413)	39 (348)
Public (Medicaid) insurance	Yes	41 (594)	40 (464)	35 (302)
Smoked during pregnancy	Yes	15 (212)	14 (162)	14 (118)
Infant characteristics
Cesarean delivery	Yes	65 (977)	66 (795)	66 (563)
Antenatal steroid course	Complete	62 (937)	64 (764)	63 (556)
	Partial	27 (398)	26 (309)	26 (226)
	None	11 (166)	10 (122)	11 (99)
Initiator of preterm delivery	Preterm labor	44 (665)	45 (534)	46 (405)
	pPROM	22 (327)	22 (262)	22 (191)
	Pre-eclampsia	13 (197)	13 (153)	13 (113)
	Abruption	10 (153)	11 (128)	10 (92)
	Cervical insufficiency	6 (90)	6 (72)	5 (45)
	Fetal indication	5 (74)	4 (49)	4 (36)
Gestational age, weeks	23–24	27 (409)	20 (245)	21 (186)
	25–26	44 (661)	46 (553)	45 (398)
	27	29 (436)	33 (400)	34 (298)
Birth weight, grams	≤ 750	44 (660)	36 (426)	38 (331)
	751–1000	39 (586)	43 (520)	43 (377)
	>1000	17 (260)	20 (242)	10 (174)
Birth weight Z-score	< −2	7 (110)	5 (62)	6 (53)
	≥ −2, < −1	14 (211)	13 (153)	13 (119)
	≥ −1	79 (1185)	82 (983)	81 719)
Male	Yes	53 (799)	52 (621)	51 (452)
Singleton	Yes	67 (1002)	67 (805)	65 (571)