Table 3. Baseline drug-related, clinical and laboratory findings of the study participants in relation to their association with hospital outcome.
| Variables | Total (N = 109) | Survivors (n = 78) |
Non-survivors (n = 31) |
p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drug-related factors | |||||
| Past diuretic(s) use history | 35(32.1%) | 27(34.6%) | 8(25.8%) | 0.374 | |
| Past propranolol use history | 8(7.3%) | 6(7.7%) | 2(6.5%) | 0.823 | |
| Diuretic(s) use during hospital stay | 77(70.6%) | 57.1(73.1%) | 20(64.5%) | 0.376 | |
| Therapeutic tap during hospital stay | 45(41.3%) | 28(35.9%) | 17(54.8%) | 0.070 | |
| Propranolol use during hospital stay | 10(9.2%) | 9(11.5%) | 1(3.2%) | 0.175 | |
| Lactulose use during hospital stay | 37(33.9%) | 25(32.1%) | 12(38.7%) | 0.508 | |
| Previously known CLD patients | 34(31.2%) | 50(64.1%) | 25(80.7%) | 0.093 | |
| Duration since diagnosis, months | 7.85 (-120) | 8.375 (0–96) | 6.52(0–120) | 0.094 | |
| Decompensated patients | 108(99.1%) | 77(98.7%) | 31(100%) | 0.716 | |
| Number of CLD complications diagnosed at admission | 3(2–5) | 3(2–5) | 2(2–5) | 0.428 | |
| Type of CLD complications at admission | |||||
| Ascites | 101(92.7%) | 71(91%) | 30(96.8%) | 0.299 | |
| Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis | 23 (21.1%) | 18(23.1%) | 5(16.1%) | 0.423 | |
| Gastrointestinal bleeding | 28 (25.7%) | 20(25.6%) | 8(25.8%) | 0.986 | |
| Hepatic encephalopathy | 42 (38.5%) | 27(34.6%) | 15(48.4%) | 0.183 | |
| Hepatic encephalopathy grade | I | 20(47.6%) | 12(44.4%) | 8(53.3%) | 0.838 |
| II | 15(35.7%) | 10(37%) | 5(33.3%) | ||
| III | 7(16.7%) | 5(18.5%) | 2(13.3%) | ||
| Hepatorenal syndrome | 22 (20.2%) | 14(18%) | 8(25.8%) | 0.356 | |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma | 19 (17.4%) | 11(14.1%) | 8(25.8%) | 0.146 | |
| Comorbid Diabetes Mellitus | 7(6.4%), | 6(7.7%) | 1(3.2%) | 0.391 | |
| Laboratory parameters | |||||
| MAP, mmHg | 82.33± 13.10 | 83.85± 13.69 | 78.53 ± 10.74 | 0.059 | |
| WBC,(109/L) | 7.2(4.5–11.4) | 6.25(4.2–11.4) | 9.1(7.2–12.7) | 0.006ǂ | |
| Hgb, g/dl | 11(7.6–12.6) | 11.1(8.2–12.5) | 10.3(7.6–13) | 0.824 | |
| MCV, fl | 96.38 ± 90.84 | 82.74 ±13.01 | 130.69 ±166.05 | 0.012ǂ | |
| MCH, pg | 29.15(27–31) | 28.75(27–30.3) | 30.1(27.9–32.4) | 0.033ǂ | |
| MCHC, g/dl | 33.6(32.2–35.1) | 33.55 (32–34.8) | 33.8 (33–36) | 0.110 | |
| PLT(103/L) | 169 (95–248) | 162.5(83–210) | 178(154–392) | 0.014ǂ | |
| INR a | 1.67(1.29, 2.52) | 1.63(1.31–2.46) | 1.8(1.14–2.7) | 0.671 | |
| Total bilirubin b, mg/dl | 2.09(1.03, 8.5) | 1.85(0.9–5.69) | 4.65(1.32–11.55) | 0.043ǂ | |
| ALT, u/l | 45.5(29.3–72) | 45.5(28.9–61.2) | 47.2 (32.4–78) | 0.197 | |
| AST, u/l | 67 (42.0–143.5) | 67(35–126.2) | 90 (48.9–167.8) | 0.088 | |
| ALP, u/l | 256.5(169.1–348) | 256.5(165–318.7) | 256.5(169.1–437) | 0.274 | |
| Scr, mg/dl | 0.87(0.70–1.33) | 0.89 (0.71–1.3) | 0.85(0.55–1.7) | 0.485 | |
| BUN, mg/dl | 25.5 (20.0–39.72) | 25.5(19.5–36.9) | 25.5(21–48.9) | 0.501 | |
a 54 missing values
b36 missing values
ALT- Alanine aminotransferase; AST-Aspartate aminotransferase; CLD-Chronic Liver Disease; HBsAg- Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen; MAP- Mean Arterial Pressure; MCV-Mean Corpuscular Volume; MCH-Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin; MCHC-Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration; PLT-Platelet; INR-International Normalized Ratio; WBC-White Blood Cell Count; Hgb-Hemoglobin; Scr-Serum creatinine; BUN-Blood Urea Nitrogen
ǂ Statistically significant