Table 1.

Characteristics of subjects in the sample

Variables	Cycle 1	Cycle 2
		Diabetes free	Incident diabetes	p-value
n	1121	1046	75	–
Age, years	42.1 ± 16.1	46.9 ± 15.9	49.3 ± 16.6	0.24
Sex (% men)	44	43	47	< 0.001
Hypertension (%)	30	37	75	< 0.001
Increased WC (%)	30	42	61	< 0.001
Dyslipidaemia treatment (%)	3	7	24	< 0.001
SBP, mmHg	125.0 ± 18.5	125.2 ± 16.4	133.4 ± 17.8	< 0.001
DBP, mmHg	78.2 ± 11.2	76.7 ± 10.6	76.9 ± 10.3	0.88
BMI, kg/m2	24.3 ± 4.7	25.64 ± 4.9	28.45 ± 5.9	< 0.001
WC, cm	86.6 ± 11.79	90.6 ± 11.8	99.1 ± 11.6	< 0.001
Fasting glucose, mg/dL	87.5 ± 16.7	89.3 ± 10.2	137.3 ± 49.7	< 0.001
Total cholesterol, mg/dL	178.1 ± 46.9	200.6 ± 67.2	206.7 ± 51.9	0.33
HDL-cholesterol, mg/dL	56.4 ± 15.7	47.5 ± 11.8	46.2 ± 11.2	0.33
LDL-cholesterol, mg/dL	96.4 ± 42.8	125.3 ± 34.8	121.6 ± 44.9	0.51
Triglycerides, mg/dL	128.9 ± 68.9	123.8 ± 94.8	115.7 ± 78.6	0.39

Hypertension: systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg and/or anti-hypertensive drug use. Dyslipidaemia treatment: percentage of individuals who used at least one class of lipid-lowering drug. Increased WC: ≥ 88 cm for women and ≥ 102 cm for men. Continuous data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation and categorical data are expressed as percentage

SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; BAI, body adiposity index; BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference