Figure 2 |. BPSCSK colonizes the GI tract and broadly inhibits Gram-positive pathogens while preserving some commensal species.
a, VRE was co-cultured in vitro with Lactococcus lactis or BPSCSK (n = 9 biologically independent samples/3 independent experiments) and growth was monitored. b, antibiotic-treated, VRE-dominated mice (n = 12 mice/3 independent experiments) received an oral gavage containing CBBP, CLBP, or CBBPcontrol. VRE colonization was monitored by CFU quantification in fecal samples. c, the microbiota composition determined by metagenomic sequencing of 16S rRNA genes from fecal samples collected from mice treated with CBBP or CLBP. d, Culture broth was conditioned with proteins precipitated from BPSCSK, BPcontrol, or commercial nisin-A and serially diluted. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined for 158 strains from a commensal biobank by calculating the highest dilution factor that inhibited growth (n = 2 biologically independent samples/2 independent experiments). The resistance index is a ratio between MIC of BPcontrol-conditioned media over the MIC of BPSCSK or nisin-A-conditioned media. VRE (ATCC 700221) was used for experiments shown in panels a-c. All statistical analyses were performed using the Mann-Whitney rank sum test (two-tailed) comparing experimental conditions to a negative control (a,b) or between two experimental conditions (d). **** p-value < 0.0001, *** p-value < 0.001. Center values (median) (a); center values (geometric mean), error bars (geometric s.d.) (b); center values (median), error bars (1.5 * interquartile range) (d).