(A) Schematic representation of the ketoconazole (KET) pre-treatment model. WT and VP-PXR transgenic mice were treated with KET (20 mg/kg per day) for two days before receiving the sham surgery or HS/R. (B and C) Liver histology was analyzed by H&E staining (B, Bar is 100 μm), and quantification of necrotic areas and Suzuki scores (C). (D) Serum levels of ALT. (E) VP-PXR and VP-PXR/Cyp3a−/− mice subject to the sham surgery or HS/R were analyzed for liver histology by H&E staining. Shown on the right are quantification of necrotic areas and Suzuki scores. (F) Serum levels of ALT. n=4~5 for each group. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01, the comparisons are labeled (C, D, and F), or compared to the VP-PXR group (E).