Table 4.

Multivariable odds ratio of clinical factors for LADA and classic T1DM in Chinese patients with newly diagnosed diabetes

	LADA		Classic T1DM
OR (95%CI)	p-Value	OR (95%CI)	p-Value
Age, years		0.0219*		<0.0001*
30–39 vs ≥50	1.32(1.02–1.71)		3.51(2.53–4.89)
40–49 vs ≥50	1.16(0.93–1.44)		1.35(0.95–1.90)
BMI		0.0069*		0.0007*
Overweight	0.74(0.59–0.94)		0.52(0.36–0.79)
Obesity	0.66(0.45–0.98)		0.40(0.19–0.88)
Normal weight	1.0		1.0
Central obesity	0.84(0.66–1.05)	0.1239	1.10(0.76–1.60)	0.6025
Family history of diabetes	0.80(0.65–1.00)	0.0463	0.74(0.54–1.03)	0.0709
BP <130/80 mmHg	1.32(1.09–1.60)	0.0045	1.16(0.88–1.54)	0.2849
LDL-C <2.6 mmol/L	1.07(0.88–1.29)	0.4978	1.35(1.02–1.78)	0.0341
TG <1.7 mmol/L	1.48(1.21–1.81)	0.0002	1.26(0.92–1.73)	0.1462
HDL-C >1.0 mmol/L in male or 1.3 mmol/L in female	1.15(0.95–1.40)	0.1555	0.94(0.70–1.25)	0.6586
HbA1c <7.0% (53 mmol/mol)	0.82(0.63–1.07)	0.1375	1.09(0.70–1.71)	0.6919
Fasting C-peptide		0.0010*		<0.0001*
Upper quartile	0.66(0.52–0.85)		0.10(0.05–0.18)
Mid-high quartile	0.68(0.50–0.93)		0.11(0.04–0.28)
Mid-low quartile	0.57(0.39–0.85)		0.09(0.02–0.43)
Bottom quartile	1.0		1.0
Postprandial C-peptide		<0.0001*		<0.0001*
Upper quartile	0.42(0.32–0.54)		0.13(0.08–0.23)
Mid-high quartile	0.38(0.28–0.52)		0.03(0.01–0.13)
Mid-low quartile	0.45(0.31–0.66)		0.09(0.02–0.35)
Bottom quartile	1.0		1.0
Lifestyle
Current drinking	0.75(0.57–0.98)	0.0336	0.94(0.65–1.35)	0.7187
Use of drugs
Antihypertensive drugs	0.91(0.70–1.19)	0.4916	0.68(0.41–1.14)	0.1432
Lipid lowering drugs	0.63(0.43–0.91)	0.0131	0.90(0.54–1.53)	0.7026
Insulin	1.79(1.38–2.32)	<0.0001	3.60(2.65–4.89)	<0.0001
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor	1.41(1.13–1.76)	0.0025	1.21(0.85–1.73)	0.2933
Metformin	0.99(0.81–1.21)	0.9285	0.58(0.41–0.83)	0.0025
Sulphonylurea	1.12(0.86–1.47)	0.4035	0.57(0.32–1.03)	0.0613

Note: *p for trend.

Abbreviations: LADA, latent autoimmune diabetes of adults; T1DM, type 1 diabetes mellitus; OR, odds ratio; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide-1.