Kato 2008.

Methods	Randomised clinical trial.
Participants	Country: Japan. Number randomised: 85. Post‐randomisation drop‐outs: 0. Mean age: 66 years. Females: not stated. Major liver resections: not stated. Cirrhotic livers: not stated. Inclusion criteria: Liver resection.
Interventions	Participants were randomly assigned to two groups. Group 1: low CVP (n = 20). Group 2: control (n = 20). Further details of intervention: CVP was lowered by clamping the infra‐hepatic inferior vena cava. Other details: Vascular occlusion: intermittent PTC. Method of parenchymal transection: CUSA. Management of raw surface: diathermy, sutures, fibrin glue. Other co‐interventions to decrease blood loss: none reported.
Outcomes	The outcomes reported were mortality, transfusion requirements, and hospital stay.
Notes	Attempts to contact the authors in November 2008 were unsuccessful.
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Quote: "Eighty‐five patients who underwent hepatic resection....randomly assigned to an IVC clamping or an IVC non‐clamping group by the minimization method with stratified factors of age, .."
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Low risk	Quote: "Eighty‐five patients who underwent hepatic resection....randomly assigned to an IVC clamping or an IVC non‐clamping group by the minimization method with stratified factors of age, .."
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Comment: This information was not available.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Comment: This information was not available.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Comment: There were no post‐randomisation drop‐outs.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	High risk	Comment: Important outcomes such as liver failure were not reported.
Free of vested interest bias?	Unclear risk	Unclear.