Table 3.
Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for having any pathology1 comparing visual function in eyes in normal macular health per grading of color fundus photographs
| Any pathology (N=138) | No pathology (N=846) | Crude OR (95%CI) | Crude OR p-value | Adjusted2 OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Best-corrected visual acuity, logMAR | ||||||
| ≤0.00 (20/20 or better) | 51 (37.0) | 400 (47.3) | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| >0.00 (worse than 20/20) | 87 (63.0) | 446 (52.7) | 1.53 (1.02, 2.30) | 0.0407 | 1.39 (0.92, 2.11) | 0.1154 |
| Low luminance acuity, logMAR | ||||||
| ≤0.30 (better) | 40 (29.0) | 351 (41.5) | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| >0.30 (worse) | 98 (71.0) | 495 (58.5) | 1.74 (1.15, 2.62) | 0.0085 | 1.58 (1.04, 2.40) | 0.0306 |
| Low luminance deficit | ||||||
| ≤0.30 (better) | 72 (52.2) | 443 (52.4) | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| >0.30 (worse) | 66 (47.8) | 403 (47.6) | 1.01 (0.68, 1.48) | 0.9693 | 1.04 (0.70, 1.53) | 0.8618 |
| Contrast sensitivity, log sensitivity | ||||||
| ≥1.65 (better) | 51 (37.0) | 399 (47.2) | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| <1.65 (worse) | 87 (63.0) | 447 (52.8) | 1.52 (1.04, 2.24) | 0.0327 | 1.27 (0.86, 1.89) | 0.2354 |
| Rod-mediated dark adaptation, rod intercept time3 | ||||||
| <12.3 minutes (better) | 36 (61.0) | 298 (80.0) | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| ≥12.3 minutes (worse) | 23 (39.0) | 74 (19.89) | 2.57 (1.44, 4.60) | 0.0015 | 1.98 (1.07, 3.67) | 0.0297 |
| Light sensitivity in central 3°, log sensitivity | ||||||
| ≥30 dB (better) | 107 (77.5) | 726 (85.8) | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| <30 dB (worse) | 31 (22.5) | 120 (14.2) | 1.75 (1.06, 2.91) | 0.0301 | 1.51 (0.89, 2.54) | 0.1242 |
| Light sensitivity in central 9°, log sensitivity | ||||||
| ≥30 dB (better) | 82 (59.4) | 597 (70.6) | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| <30 dB (worse) | 56 (40.6) | 249 (29.4) | 1.64 (1.10, 2.44) | 0.0156 | 1.35 (0.88, 2.05) | 0.1646 |
N (%)
1
Any pathologies included: epiretinal membrane, vitreomacular traction disorder, non-neovascular AMD, lamellar hole, macular telangiectasia type 2, microaneurysm, macular schisis, pachychoroid, choroidal nevus, staphyloma, cystic changes, cystoid macular edema, post-Internal limiting membrane peel appearance, non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, and retinal thinning
2
Adjusted for age and IOL status
3
N=431 for dark adaptation eye