Table 2.
Changes in Dry Eye Parameters and Meibomian Gland Dysfunction Parameters between Preoperative and 4 and 12 Weeks After Cataract Surgery.
| Group 1 (38 eyes) | Group 2 (41 eyes) | Group 3 (38 eyes) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TBUT (sec) | ||||
| Preoperative | 4.6 ± 2.2 | 5.0 ± 2.5 | 4.6 ± 1.8 | 0.925 |
| 4wks | 6.3 ± 3.6* | 7.0 ± 2.8* | 3.7 ± 1.4‡§ | <0.001 |
| 12wks | 6.5 ± 3.5* | 5.0 ± 2.8 | 4.7 ± 2.3‡ | 0.038 |
| Schirmer test (mm) | ||||
| Preoperative | 15.5 ± 8.6 | 13.1 ± 8.7 | 11.5 ± 7.6 | 0.076 |
| 4wks | 13.7 ± 8.9 | 11.4 ± 8.0 | 10.6 ± 6.1 | 0.389 |
| 12wks | 12.2 ± 9.0 | 13.2 ± 9.3 | 14.2 ± 8.6 | 0.396 |
| Corneal staining score | ||||
| Preoperative | 0.66 ± 1.07 | 0.63 ± 0.89 | 0.84 ± 0.59 | 0.051 |
| 4wks | 0.24 ± 0.60* | 0.29 ± 0.51* | 0.29 ± 0.52* | 0.693 |
| 12wks | 0.23 ± 0.43* | 0.43 ± 0.57* | 0.26 ± 0.45* | 0.263 |
| OSDI | ||||
| Preoperative | 22.10 ± 12.94 | 23.49 ± 11.38 | 22.30 ± 9.01 | 0.836 |
| 4wks | 14.99 ± 10.42* | 15.00 ± 9.19* | 21.29 ± 12.57‡§ | 0.015 |
| 12wks | 10.35 ± 10.55* | 15.43 ± 12.24* | 17.63 ± 11.45* ‡ | 0.037 |
| LLT (nm) | ||||
| Preoperative | 80.82 ± 18.77 | 86.00 ± 19.17 | 82.25 ± 20.10 | 0.484 |
| 4wks | 76.24 ± 21.32 | 84.70 ± 21.66 | 86.03 ± 18.15 | 0.070 |
| 12wks | 83.29 ± 19.91 | 85.23 ± 22.70 | 84.55 ± 22.12 | 0.749 |
| MGD stage | ||||
| Preoperative | 2.61 ± 1.11 | 2.44 ± 1.18 | 2.34 ± 1.10 | 0.407 |
| 4wks | 2.27 ± 1.07* | 1.90 ± 1.39* | 2.58 ± 1.13 | 0.071 |
| 12wks | 1.71 ± 1.19* | 2.13 ± 1.07 | 2.68 ± 1.07‡ | 0.003 |
| Lid margin abnormality | ||||
| Preoperative | 2.58 ± 1.00 | 2.34 ± 1.37 | 2.03 ± 1.20 | 0.174 |
| 4wks | 2.08 ± 1.06* | 1.80 ± 1.19* | 2.21 ± 1.26 | 0.246 |
| 12wks | 1.71 ± 1.10* | 2.13 ± 1.17 | 2.06 ± 1.04 | 0.285 |
| Meibomian gland expressibility | ||||
| Preoperative | 1.84 ± 1.05 | 1.88 ± 1.01 | 1.61 ± 0.95 | 0.327 |
| 4wks | 1.41 ± 0.83 | 1.02 ± 0.99* | 1.55 ± 0.98§ | 0.043 |
| 12wks | 1.00 ± 0.89* | 1.33 ± 0.84* | 1.88 ± 0.88‡§ | <0.001 |
| Meibum quality | ||||
| Preoperative | 12.18 ± 5.92 | 10.22 ± 5.73 | 10.16 ± 6.77 | 0.327 |
| 4wks | 10.14 ± 3.74* | 8.05 ± 6.29* † | 11.05 ± 4.75§ | 0.007 |
| 12wks | 6.55 ± 4.15* | 9.86 ± 4.54† | 12.94 ± 6.02* ‡§ | <0.001 |
| Meibomian gland dropout | ||||
| Preoperative | 1.11 ± 0.73 | 1.37 ± 1.07 | 1.47 ± 1.13 | 0.467 |
| 4wks | 1.09 ± 0.75 | 1.34 ± 0.99 | 1.42 ± 1.18 | 0.547 |
| 12wks | 1.06 ± 0.74 | 1.44 ± 1.01 | 1.50 ± 1.16 | 0.234 |
Data are presented as means ± standard deviation. TBUT = tear breakup time; OSDI = Ocular Surface Disease Index; LLT = lipid layer thickness; MGD = meibomian gland dysfunction. P-value indicates the statistical analysis among the three groups. *Indicates a statistically significant compared with preoperative value; †indicates a statistically significant difference between groups A and B in post hoc analysis; ‡indicates a statistically significant difference between groups A and C in post hoc analysis; §indicates a statistically significant difference between groups B and C in post hoc analysis.