Table 1.
Top-ranked small molecules identified from SPIED/CMAP analysis of lithium-responsive astrocyte genes that are predicted to be associated with (A) astrocytes, (B) bipolar disorder (BD), (C) schizophrenia and (D) Alzheimer’s diseases (AD)
| Compound | Correl | Significance | Actions |
|---|---|---|---|
| (A) ‘Astrocyte-modifying’ agents | |||
| Pioglitazone | 0.47 | 4.83 | PPAR-gamma |
| MG-262 | 0.33 | 4.66 | Proteasome inhibitor |
| Semustine | 0.35 | 4.44 | Antineoplastic |
| 15-delta Prostaglandin J2 | 0.3 | 4.31 | PPAR-gamma |
| Econazole | 0.39 | 4.23 | Antifungal |
| Lomustine | 0.33 | 4.19 | Antineoplastic |
| Gossypol | 0.34 | 4.13 | Antineoplastic |
| Acacetin | 0.41 | 4.04 | Flavonoid |
| Parthenolide | 0.32 | 4.03 | Anti-inflammatory |
| Puromycin | 0.31 | 3.98 | Anti-neoplastic |
| (B) ‘BD-modifying’ agents | |||
| Betulin | 0.99 | 4.59 | PPAR-gamma |
| Esculetin | 0.96 | 3.27 | Antineoplastic |
| Rottlerin | 0.82 | 2.82 | Antineoplastic |
| Gliquidone | 0.87 | 2.68 | PPAR-gamma |
| (+/−)-Catechin | 0.96 | 2.67 | Flavonoid |
| Butoconazole | 0.99 | 2.58 | Antifungal |
| Tiaprofenic acid | 0.85 | 2.52 | Antiinflammatory |
| 15-delta Prostaglandin J2 | 0.79 | 2.41 | PPARg |
| Celecoxib | 0.98 | 2.32 | Anti-inflammatory |
| Isradipine | 0.82 | 2.31 | Calcium channel blocker |
| (C) ‘Schizophrenia-modifying’ agents | |||
| 2,6-dimethylpiperidine | 0.96 | 4.35 | Anti-convulsant |
| Doxycycline | 0.86 | 4.08 | Antibiotic |
| Chlorprothixene | 0.86 | 3.47 | Antipsychotic |
| Sulpiride | 0.79 | 3.39 | Antipsychotic |
| W-13 | 0.6 | 3.33 | Anti-calmodulin agent |
| Hycanthone | 0.59 | 3.31 | Anti-schistosomal |
| Lansoprazole | 0.87 | 3.28 | Proton pump inhibitor |
| Ethacrynic Acid | 0.58 | 3.1 | Loop diuretic |
| 15-delta Prostaglandin J2 | 0.47 | 2.92 | PPAR-gamma |
| Pregnenolone | 0.62 | 2.91 | Neuro-steroid |
| (D) ‘AD-modifying’ agents | |||
| Edrophonium Chloride | 0.77 | 3.21 | Cholinesterase inhibitor |
| Oxybutynin | 0.62 | 3.19 | Anti-cholinergic |
| Metampicillin | 0.55 | 3.02 | Penicillin antibiotic |
| Quercetin | 0.8 | 2.87 | Flavonoid |
| Gossypol | 0.61 | 2.75 | Dehydrogenase inhibitor |
| Cephaeline | 0.42 | 2.71 | Emetic |
| Megestrol | 0.69 | 2.68 | Appetite stimulant |
| Captopril | 0.96 | 2.68 | ACE Inhibitor |
| Sulfamonomethoxine | 0.49 | 2.64 | Anti-bacterial |
| Spiperone | 0.55 | 2.6 | Antipsychotic |
Small molecules are ranked according to the largest numbers of ‘target’ or ‘perturbed’ genes. Agents in bold are common to multiple datasets, notably flavonoids and drugs acting on PPAR-γ