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. 2019 Sep 2;8(9):48. doi: 10.1038/s41389-019-0156-9

Fig. 1. Long-term propagation of PPB is associated with increased tumor aggressiveness.

Fig. 1

a Generation of PPB PDX model (Scheme): serial propagation of human PPB Xn in NOD/SCID mice resulted in shorter time to tumor engraftment and progression and enrichment of CSC population along serial passages. *p = 0.02 **p = 0.009. See also Tables 1 and 2. b PPB H&E tissue staining along passages demonstrating morphological differences in late passage PDX including the acquisition of hypercellular primitive blastemal like cell morphology with multiple mitoses (black arrows indicate mitoses) with loss of cystic, and spindle cell appearance (top panels). KI67 IHC staining demonstrating increased proliferation capacity in high tumor passages (30–40% in P4, 40–50% in P8 and 55–60% in P12). Quantification of Ki-67 staining was performed by calculating the percentage of positive cells in five high power fields from different areas of the tumor (bottom panel); Scale bar; 100 μm (top and bottom panels), 50 μm (middle panel)