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. 2019 Aug 27;10:1965. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01965

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Copyright © 2019 Babu, Ambikan, Gabriel, Svensson Akusjärvi, Palaniappan, Sundaraj, Mupanni, Sperk, Cheedarla, Sridhar, Tripathy, Nowak, Hanna and Neogi.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Flow diagram of study design and experimental plan. 424 HIV-1 positive individuals and 295 HIV-1 negative healthy controls were screened. Following defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 43 healthy controls, and 53 HIV positive ART-experienced subjects and 41 ART-naïve HIV-1 positive subjects were recruited for the study. The methodology used for the study is also presented.