Table 2.
Characteristics of included studies.
| Items | Group | References | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Merola et al. (17) | Merola et al. (15) | Elia et al. (16) | Dafsari et al. (19)* | Valldeoriola et al. (18) | ||
| Participants | ||||||
| Sample size | LCIG group | 20 | 20 | 10 | 33 (25a) | 11 |
| STN-DBS group | 20 | 20 | 10 | 101 (25a) | 12 | |
| Age (years) | LCIG group | 64.60 ± 6.99 | 69.00 ± 5.90 | 68.40 ± 1.60 | 64.40 ± 8.30 | 64 (59, 72)c |
| STN-DBS group | 64.05 ± 5.76 | 66.60 ± 2.50 | 55.20 ± 2.20 | 64.10 ± 8.30 | 57 (51, 63)c | |
| Male (%) | k | NR | 13 (65) | 4 (40) | 14 (56) | 8 (72.7) |
| STN-DBS group | NR | 16 (80) | 6 (60) | 9 (36) | 11 (91.7) | |
| Disease duration (years) | LCIG group | 13.75 ± 2.57 | 13.90 ± 4.50 | 14.00 ± 1.70 | 13.80 ± 4.90 | 14.5 |
| STN-DBS group | 13.80 ± 3.09 | 16.40 ± 4.30 | 15.60 ± 1.80 | 12.70 ± 4.20 | 13.0 | |
| Hohen-Yahr stage | LCIG group | 2.39 ± 0.74 | NR | 2–3 | 3.0 (3.0, 4.0)c | 2.5 (2.5, 2.5)c |
| STN-DBS group | 2.26 ± 0.59 | NR | 2–3 | 3.0 (3.0, 3.5)c | 2.3 (2.0, 2.5)c | |
| Baseline LEDD (mg/day) | LCIG group | 1272.0 ± 432.0 | 994.5 ± 268.0 | NR | 1472.2 ± 707.0 | NR |
| STN-DBS group | 1383.0 ± 458.0 | 1220.0 ± 452.0 | NR | 1179.4 ± 580.2 | NR | |
| Outcome assessment | Activity of Daily Living Scale (ADL), OFF time, dyskinesia, motor severity, neuropsychological outcome, pharmacological therapies and stimulation parameters, adverse event; | UPDRS, neuropsychological and behavioral tests, adverse event; | Motor condition (includes UPDRS, hand tapping, time to best motor “on” state, number of “off” state epochs and of “on” state epochs), dyskinesia, adverse event; | PDQ-8 SI, UPDRS-III, UPDRS-IV, Hohen-Yahr stage, LEDD, nonmotor Symptoms Scale (NMSS), adverse event; | Cognitive assessment, mood and behavior assessment, fatigue assessment, motor evaluation, medication (L-dopa equivalent dose), adverse event; | |
| Compared index for meta-analysis | UPDRS-III, UPDRS-IV, adverse event | UPDRS-III, UPDRS-IV, adverse event | UPDRS-III, UPDRS-IV, adverse event | UPDRS-III, UPDRS-IV, adverse event | Adverse event | |
| Study design and follow-up duration (months) | LCIG group | Retrospective-cohort study; 61.80 (36–102)b | Retrospective-cohort study; 14.70 ± 7.60 | Retrospective-cohort study; 13.80 ± 1.50 | Prospective-cohort study; 6 | Prospective-cohort study; 12 |
| STN-DBS group | Retrospective-cohort study; 60.96 (36–108)b | Retrospective-cohort study; 14.80 ± 3.30 | Retrospective-cohort study; 21.90 ± 5.90 | Prospective-cohort study;6 | Prospective-cohort study; 12 | |
| Comment | Some participants (n = 20) of this study received OMT besides LCIG and DBS. | Some participants (n = 10) of this study received subcutaneous apomorphine besides LCIG and DBS. | Some participants (n = 39) of this study received subcutaneous apomorphine besides LCIG and DBS. | Some participants (n = 20) of this study received OMT besides LCIG and DBS. | ||
LCIG, Levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel infusion; STN-DBS, Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation; LEDD, Levodopa Equivalent Daily Dose; NR, Not reported; UPDRS, Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale; OMT, Oral medical therapy.
a
This is a matched cohort which is from an original cohort by a method called propensity score matching.
b
Results are shown as the mean (range).
c
Data are represented as median [25th, 75th percentiles] for the variables.
*
The data of clinical and demographic characteristics of this trial was caculated from matched cohort.