Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure patients with and without infections
| Total (n = 174) | Infection (n = 114) | No infection (n = 60) | t/χ2/z | P-value | |
| Age (yr) | 47.44 ± 11.49 | 49.28 ± 11.32 | 43.95 ± 11.10 | 2.972 | 0.003 |
| Male, n (%) | 138 (79.31) | 82 (71.93) | 56 (93.33) | 10.975 | 0.001 |
| Hepatic encephalopathy | 25 (14.37) | 23 (20.18) | 2 (3.33) | 9.063 | 0.002 |
| Hepatorenal syndrome | 11 (6.32) | 10 (8.77) | 1 (1.67) | 3.351 | 0.100 |
| Gastrointestinal hemorrhage | 11 (6.32) | 10 (8.77) | 1 (1.67) | 3.351 | 0.100 |
| ACLF-1 | 41 (23.56) | 15 (13.16) | 26 (43.33) | 19.874 | 0.000 |
| ACLF-2 | 51 (29.31) | 31 (27.19) | 20 (33.33) | 0.715 | 0.398 |
| ACLF-3 | 82 (47.13) | 68 (59.65) | 14 (23.33) | 20.806 | 0.000 |
| INR | 2.09 (1.07) | 2.215 (1.24) | 1.835 (0.695) | -3.193 | 0.001 |
| ALB (g/L) | 32.38 ± 5.31 | 31.42 ± 4.63 | 34.197 ± 6.06 | -3.110 | 0.002 |
| Cr (μmol/L) | 55.65 (35.425) | 57.20 (41.175) | 55.00 (25.525) | -1.604 | 0.109 |
| Na (mmol/L) | 138.20 (6.52) | 137.25 (7.95) | 139.1 (5.325) | -2.752 | 0.006 |
| WBC (G/L) | 5.375 (3.623) | 6.32 (4.07) | 4.64 (3.085) | -3.655 | 0.000 |
| NE% | 69.85 (16.55) | 72.95 (13.875) | 63.15 (12.95) | -4.300 | 0.000 |
| ALT (U/L) | 379.50 (842.25) | 305.5 (608.75) | 793.5 (867.5) | -4.050 | 0.000 |
| AST (U/L) | 260.50 (591) | 224.5 (342.5) | 599.0 (858.25) | -4.001 | 0.000 |
| TBIL (μmol/L) | 260.16 ± 128.63 | 277.2 ± 134.7 | 227.8 ± 110.13 | 2.599 | 0.010 |
| PT (S) | 23.30 (11.325) | 25.20 (14.3) | 21.15 (7.15) | -2.956 | 0.003 |
| MELD | 20.58 ± 8.52 | 22.33 ± 8.92 | 17.25 ± 6.58 | 4.267 | 0.000 |
| MELD-Na | 22.51 ± 10.44 | 25.09 ± 11.14 | 17.6 ± 6.7 | 5.525 | 0.000 |
| iMELD | 38.81 ± 10.87 | 41.74 ± 11.38 | 33.23 ± 7.05 | 6.076 | 0.000 |
| ALBI | -1.205 ± 0.53 | -1.103 ± 0.45 | -1.399 ± 0.613 | 3.293 | 0.001 |
| CTP | 11.00 (2) | 12.00 (2) | 10.00 (2.75) | -4.896 | 0.000 |
TBIL: Total bilirubin; PT: Prothrombin time; WBC: White blood cells; NE%: Percentage of neutrophils; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALB: Albumin. INR: Standardized international ratio; Cr: Creatinine; Na: Sodium; CTP: Child-Turcotte-Pugh; MELD: Model for End-Stage Liver Disease; MELD-Na: MELD-sodium; iMELD: Integrated MELD; ALBI: Albumin-bilirubin; ACLF-1: Acute-on-chronic liver failure grade 1; ACLF-2: Acute-on-chronic liver failure grade 2; ACLF-3: Acute-on-chronic liver failure grade 3.