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. 2019 Aug 29;12:1625–1638. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S218336

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© 2019 Zhu et al.

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ER stress induced by EA in human mature adipocytes. (A) Control group; (B) treated with 100 μmol/L of EA for 24 hrs; (C) quantitative analysis of ER luminal diameter, as a surrogate marker for ER stress per cell using transmission electron microscope images. Results are representative averages of at least six images performed from three independent experiments and are displayed as mean ± SD. **P<0.01. White arrow shows the ER lumen.

Abbreviations: ER, endoplasmic reticulum; EA, elaidic acid; LD, lipid droplets.