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. 2019 Aug 29;12:1625–1638. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S218336

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© 2019 Zhu et al.

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EA exposure activated markers of ER stress pathways in human adipocytes. (A) Representative GRP78, p-IRE1-α, p-JNK Western blots; quantification of the Western blot membranes for (B) GRP78; (C) p-IRE1-α; (D) p-JNK. Results are representative averages of at least three independent experiments and displayed as means ± SD. Compared to control group *P<0.05, **P<0.01; compared to EA-treated group, ^#P<0.05, ^##P<0.01.

Abbreviations: ER, endoplasmic reticulum; EA, elaidic acid; 4-PBA, 4-phenylbutyric acid; GRP78, glucose-regulated protein 78; p-IRE1-α, phosphorylated Inositol-requiring enzyme 1-alpha; p-JNK, phosphorylated c-Jun n-terminal kinase.