| ATP | adenosine triphosphate |
| ALA | alpha-linolenic acid |
| BP | blood pressure |
| CVD | cardiovascular disease |
| DHA | docosahexaenoic acid |
| EPA | eicosapentaenoic acid |
| FA | fatty acid |
| FFQ | food-frequency questionnaires |
| HF | heart failure |
| HFpEF | heart failure with preserved ejection fraction |
| HFrEF | heart failure with reduced ejection fraction |
| IHD | ischemic heart disease |
| MI | myocardial infarction |
| mPTP | mitochondrial permeability transition pore |
| n-3 PUFA | omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid |
| PPAR | peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors |
| SR | sarcoplasmic reticulum |
| TGF-β1 | transforming growth factor-beta 1 |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| SFA | saturated fatty acids |