| AAF | 2-Acetylaminofluorene |
| ACF | Aberrant crypt foci |
| αFP | α-Fetal Protein |
| AKR1B10 | Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 |
| AKT | Protein kinase B |
| ALT | Alanine transaminase |
| AMPK | 5′ AMP-activated protein kinase |
| AOM | Azoxymethane |
| AP-1 | Activator protein 1 |
| ARE | AU-rich regulatory element |
| AST | Aspartate transaminase |
| BAK | Bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer |
| BAX | Bcl-2-associated X protein |
| B[a]P | Benzo(a)pyrene |
| Bcl-2 | Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma 2) |
| Bcl-XL | B-cell lymphoma-extra large |
| Bid | BH3 interacting-domain death agonist |
| bFGF | Basic fibroblast growth factor |
| CD44 | CD44 antigen |
| cdc2 | Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 |
| cdc20 | Cell-division cycle protein 20 |
| cdc25A | Cell division cycle 25 homolog A |
| cdc25B | Cell division cycle 25 homolog B |
| cdc25C | Cell division cycle 25 homolog C |
| cdk1 | Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 |
| cdk4 | Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 |
| CEA | Carcinoembryonic antigen |
| c-FILP | CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator |
| c-myc | Member of a family of regulator genes |
| COX-2 | Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 |
| c-Src | Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src |
| CXCL12 | Stromal cell-derived factor 1 |
| CXCR4 | C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 |
| CypA | Cytochrome P450 A |
| DEN | Diethylnitrosamine |
| DMBA | 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene |
| DMH | Dimethylhydrazine |
| DR | Death Receptor |
| E-CAD | Cadherin-1 |
| EGF | Epidermal growth factor |
| EGFR | Epidermal growth factor receptor |
| elF2α | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A |
| ERK | Extracellular signal-egulated kinases |
| ESC | Esophageal Squamous Carcinoma |
| ETV-1 | ETS translocation variant 1 |
| FAK | Focal adhesion kinase, |
| FAS | Fas signaling cascade |
| FASL | FAS ligand |
| FGFR-1 | Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 |
| FKHR | Forkhead box protein O1 |
| FTL | Ferritin light chain |
| GADD45α | Growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible protein GADD45 alpha |
| GADD153 | Growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible protein GADD153 |
| γ-GCLC | Glutamate-ysteine ligase catalytic subunit |
| GCS | Glutamate Cysteine Ligase |
| GGTLA4 | Gamma-glutamyltransferase 5 |
| Gli-1 | Zinc finger protein GLI1 |
| GPx1 | Glutathione peroxidase 1 |
| GRP-78 | Heat shock 70 kDa protein 5 |
| GSH | Glutathione |
| GSK-3β | Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta |
| GSSG | Glutathione disulfide |
| GST | Glutathione S-transferase |
| GSTP1 | Glutathione S-transferase P |
| HDAC | Histone deacetylase |
| HER2 | Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 |
| HMOX1/HO-1 | heme oxygenase (decycling) 1 |
| HPV | Human papillomavirus |
| hTERT | Human telomerase reverse transcriptase |
| HUVEC | Human umbilical vein endothelial cells |
| IkB | Inhibitor of κB |
| IkB2 | Inhibitor of κB2 |
| IKK | IκB kinase |
| IKKB | Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta |
| IL-1α | Interleukin 1 alpha |
| IL-1β | Interleukin 1 beta |
| IL-6 | Interleukin 6 |
| IL-8 | Interleukin 8 |
| INF-γ | Interferon gamma |
| iNOS | Inducible nitric oxide synthase |
| JAK | Janus kinase |
| JNK | c-Jun N-terminal kinase |
| Keap | Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 |
| KI 67 | Antigen KI-67 |
| LDH | Lactate dehydrogenase |
| LIMK1/2 | LIM domain kinase 1/2 |
| LPS | Lipopolysaccharide |
| Mad2 | Mitotic arrest deficient 2 |
| MAPK | Mitogen-activated protein kinase |
| Mcl-1 | Induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein |
| MIB-1 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase |
| miR-27b | MiR-27b microRNA precursor |
| MMP-2 | Matrix metalloproteinase-2 |
| MMP-3 | Matrix metalloproteinase-3 |
| MMP-9 | Matrix metalloproteinase-9 |
| MnSOD | Superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial |
| MPM-2 | Cyclin dependent kinase 2 associated protein 2 pseudogene 2 |
| mTOR | Mechanistic target of rapamycin |
| MyD88 | Myeloid differentiation primary response 88 |
| NFκB | Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells |
| Notch2 | Neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 2 |
| Nrf2 | Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 |
| NSCLC | Non-small cell lung cancer |
| ODC | Ornithine decarboxylase |
| OSC | Oral squamous carcinoma |
| p21 | Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 |
| p27 | Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B |
| p53 | Tumor suppressor p53 |
| PAI-1 | Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 |
| PARP | Poly ADP ribose polymerase |
| PCNA | Proliferating cell nuclear antigen |
| PGE2 | Prostaglandin E2 |
| PI3K | Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase |
| PKC-α | Protein kinase C alpha |
| p38 MAPK | P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase |
| RCC | Renal cell carcinoma |
| RhoA | Ras homolog gene family, member A |
| RKIP | Raf kinase inhibitor protein |
| ROCK | Rho-associated protein kinase |
| ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
| SAA1 | Serum amyloid A1 |
| SHP-1 | Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 |
| Snail | Zinc finger protein SNAI1 |
| STAT3 | Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 |
| TIMP-1 | TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 |
| TLR2 | Toll-like receptor 2 |
| TLR4 | Toll-like receptor 4 |
| TNF-α | TNF, tumor necrosis factor alpha |
| TRAIL | TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand |
| TPA | 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate |
| uPA | Urokinase-type plasminogen activator |
| VEGF | Vascular endothelial growth factor |
| VEGFR-2 | Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 |
| XIAP | X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein |
| ZO-1 | Zonula occludens-1 |
| 14-3-3 | 14-3-3 proteins |