Figure 1.

Schematic overview of vanin 1′s enzymatic activity. Vanin 1′s substrate is pantetheine, which makes up the structure of coenzyme A (CoA), together with adenosine diphosphate (ADP). The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of pantetheine into pantothenic acid and cysteamine, which in turn can be oxidized (Ox.) to cystamine. Pantothenic acid can be recycled as a precursor of CoA after five biochemical reaction steps (symbolically represented by five arrows).