Table 2.
Presence of PAEs and BPA in LLs generated by previous (PP-LL) and modern (MP-LL) cells, raw (RMT-WW) and pretreated (PMT-WW) wastewater generated by cruise ships and ferries, and municipal wastewater (IN-WWTP) entering the WWTP
| Parameters [μg/L] | Landfill leachates | Cruise ships and ferriesa | MWTP | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PP-LLs | MP-LLs | RMT-WWs | PMT-WWs | IN-WWTP | |
| DMP |
< LOD–27.9b 6/1/1 |
< LOD–23.1 4/4/1 |
< LOD–118 3/4/3 |
< LOD 10/0/0 |
< LOD 6/0/0 |
| DEP |
< LOD, < LOQ 7/1/0 |
< LOD–46.2 5/2/2 |
< LOD–43.7 2/4/4 |
< LOD 10/0/0 |
< LOD, < LOQ 5/1/0 |
| DnBP |
< LOD 8/0/0 |
< LOD 9/0/0 |
< LOD 10/0/0 |
< LOD 10/0/0 |
< LOD 6/0/0 |
| BBzP |
< LOD 8/0/0 |
< LOD–1.7 8/0/1 |
< LOD 10/0/0 |
< LOD 10/0/0 |
< LOD 6/0/0 |
| DEHP |
< LOD–257 4/1/3 |
< LOD–536 6/2/1 |
< LOD–738 1/4/5 |
< LOD 10/0/0 |
< LOD, < LOQ 3/3/0 |
| DnOP |
< LOD 8/0/0 |
< LOD 9/0/0 |
< LOQ–52.1 0/6/4 |
< LOD 10/0/0 |
< LOD 6/0/0 |
| BPA |
856–2202 0/0/8 |
< LOQ–150 0/6/3 |
145–957 0/0/10 |
< LOD 10/0/0 |
< LOD, < LOQ 2/4/0 |
DMP dimethyl phthalate, DEP diethyl phthalate, DnBP di-n-butyl phthalate, BBzP benzyl butyl phthalate, DEHP bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, DnOP di-n-octyl phthalate, BPA bisphenol A
aIn this study, 5 out of 15 samples of raw wastewater of maritime transport origin (RMT-WW) were excluded from micropollutant analyses due to the possible improper onboard management of wastewater treatment plants
bThe first line is the range of micropollutant concentrations. The second line (< LOD/< LOQ/> LOQ) is the number of samples with the results below the LOD (< LOD), between the LOD and the LOQ, and greater than the LOQ (> LOQ), respectively (for details, see Table 1)