Table 1.
Characteristics of women in the control arms of randomised trials included in the analyses
| Characteristics | Number of studies (women) | Mean (SD) or Frequency (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 32 (4415) | 30.1 (5.1) |
| Height (cm) | 31 (4422) | 165.0 (7.0) |
| Weighta (kg) | 33 (4429) | 77.13 (18.4) |
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 31 (4429) | 28.32 (6.37) |
| Body Mass Index categories | 31 (4429) | |
| Healthy BMI (BMI 18.5–24.99 kg/m2)b | 1622 (36.6) | |
| Overweight (BMI 25–29.99 kg/m2) | 1245 (28.1) | |
| Obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) | 1562 (35.3) | |
| Ethnic origin | 24 (3536) | |
| Caucasian | 3232 (91.3) | |
| Non-Caucasian | 304 (8.7) | |
| Education levelc | 27 (3332) | |
| Basic | 453 (13.6) | |
| Intermediate | 1019 (30.6) | |
| Higher | 1860 (55.8) | |
| Parity | 30 (4317) | |
| 0 | 2113 (49.0) | |
| 1+ | 2204 (51.0) | |
| Current smoker | 27 (3964) | 693 (16.5) |
| Inactive before pregnancyd | 25 (2760) | 1377 (50.1) |
| Family history of diabetes | 10 (1784) | 455 (26.2) |
| Hypertension at baseline | 20 (2154) | 53 (2.5) |
| Any hypertensive event in pregnancye | 24 (3502) | 318 (9.1) |
| Any case of diabetes-related eventsf | 31 (4422) | 448 (10.1) |
| Gestational age at delivery (weeks) | 31 (4419) | 39.6 (1.6) |
aEarly or pre pregnancy weight;
bequivalent of Body Mass Index (BMI) termed as normal in the World Health Organization classification [20]
c’low’ (secondary education completed before A-levels), ‘medium’ (secondary education to A-level equivalent) or ‘high’ (any further/higher education) for details see Table 48 in Rogozinska et al. 2017 [33]
dDefined as no exercise or sedentary lifestyle prior to pregnancy for details see Table 49 in Rogozinska et al. 2017 [33]
ePregnancy Induced Hypertension, high blood pressure, pre-eclampsia;
fGestational Diabetes Mellitus or pre-pregnancy Diabetes Mellitus;